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本页为 2025考研英语一 完形填空的完整原文、正确答案与逐题解析(原文约 277 词,共 20 题)。建议先自己作答,再逐题核对解析里的原文定位与干扰项说明。
Located in the southern Peloponnesian peninsula, Pavlopetri (the modern name of the site) emerged as a Neolithic settlement around 3500 B.C. This area of the Aegean Sea is __1__ to earthquakes and tsunamis, which caused the city to __2__ sink. The slow sea level rise in the Mediterranean __3__ the city more than 3,000 years ago. For millennia, the city’s __4__ lay unseen below some 13 feet of water. They were covered by a thick layer of sand __5__ the island of Laconia. In recent decades, shifting __6__ and climate change have eroded a natural barrier that __7__ Pavlopetri. In 1967, a scientific survey of the Peloponnesian coast was __8__ data to analyze changes in sea levels __9__ British oceanographer Nicholas Flemming first spotted the sunken __10__. A year later, he returned with a few students to __11__ the location and map the site. The team identified some 15 buildings, courtyards, a network of streets, and two chamber tombs. __12__ the exciting initial finds, the site would lie __13__ for decades before archaeologists would return. In 2009 archaeologists Chrysanthi Gallon and Jon Henderson __14__ excavation of Pavlopetri in cooperation with the Greek Ministry of Culture. Since the 1960s, underwater archaeology __15__ and tools had made huge advances. The team __16__ robotics, sonar mapping, and state-of-the-art graphics to survey the site. From 2009 to 2013 they were able to bring the underwater town to __17__. Covering about two and a half acres, Pavlopetri’s three main roads __18__ some 50 rectangular buildings, all of which had open courtyards. Excavations revealed a large number of Minoan-style loom weights, __19__ Pavlopetri was a thriving trade center with a __20__ textile industry.
1第 1 题
答案B
解析原文“This area of the Aegean Sea is __ to earthquakes and tsunamis”表明该海域易发灾害。be prone to 为固定搭配,意为“易于遭受”,与后文城市因地震海啸下沉一致。relevant 表相关,available 表可获得,alien 表格格不入,均不能与自然灾害构成“易发”语义,故选 prone。
2第 2 题
答案C
解析后文写“The slow sea level rise…more than 3,000 years ago”,强调缓慢过程。gradually 表逐渐,与“slow”及长期海平面上升吻合。accidentally 为偶然,frequently 为频繁,temporarily 为暂时,均与缓慢沉没的持续过程不符,故选 gradually。
3第 3 题
答案B
解析“the city more than 3,000 years ago”与前文沉没、后文“below some 13 feet of water”呼应。submerged 意为淹没、没入水中,贴合古城被海水覆盖。disguised 为伪装,relocated 为迁移,isolated 为隔离,都不能说明城市被水吞没,故选 submerged。
4第 4 题
答案C
解析“the city’s __ lay unseen below…water”指水下看不见的遗存。remains 指遗址遗迹,与后文建筑物、街道、墓葬一致。legends 为传说,programs 为计划,surroundings 为环境,均无法“躺在水下未见”,故选 remains。
5第 5 题
答案B
解析“covered by a thick layer of sand __ the island of Laconia”表示沙层覆盖于拉科尼亚岛近海。off 可表“在……近海/离岸”,符合水下遗址位置。across 为横跨,under 为在下,via 为经由,方位与搭配均不贴切,故选 off。
6第 6 题
答案A
解析“shifting __ and climate change have eroded a natural barrier”中,能侵蚀屏障的动态因素应是洋流。currents 指海流,与水下沙层、侵蚀相符。rivers、seasons、winds 虽可变化,但与水下遗址屏障被侵蚀的直接关系较弱,故选 currents。
7第 7 题
答案D
解析自然屏障被侵蚀后遗址暴露,说明该屏障原先“保护”遗址。protected 表保护,语义连贯。elevated 为抬高,separated 为分隔,comprised 为包含,都不能说明屏障对 Pavlopetri 的防护作用,故选 protected。
8第 8 题
答案A
解析“a scientific survey…was __ data to analyze changes in sea levels”中,考察是为收集数据。gathering 表收集,与调查目的吻合。restoring 为恢复,updating 为更新,supplying 为供应,均不如“收集数据”贴切,故选 gathering。
9第 9 题
答案A
解析主句调查进行时,从句写 Flemming 首次发现沉没遗迹,时间重合用 when。until 表直到,after 表之后,once 表一旦,都不能准确连接“调查过程中发现”这一同时关系,故选 when。
10第 10 题
答案D
解析Flemming spotted the sunken __,后文出现 buildings、streets、tombs,故为水下建筑遗存。structures 指建筑物/结构。belongings 为财物,resources 为资源,products 为产品,均非考古调查所见城址主体,故选 structures。
11第 11 题
答案D
解析“returned…to __ the location and map the site”表明重返是为勘查并绘图。examine 表查看、考察。preserve 为保存,select 为挑选,display 为展示,与首次测绘目的不符,故选 examine。
12第 12 题
答案A
解析“__ the exciting initial finds, the site would lie __ for decades”形成让步:虽有激动发现,遗址仍长期搁置。Despite 表尽管。Unlike 为不像,Besides 为此外,Among 为在……之中,均无法构成让步,故选 Despite。
13第 13 题
答案D
解析发现后几十年无人再来,遗址处于未被扰动状态。undisturbed 表未被打扰。unchallenged 为未受挑战,unknown 为未知(已发现则不贴),unorganized 为无组织,故选 undisturbed。
14第 14 题
答案C
解析1968 年测绘后长期搁置,2009 年考古学家再次发掘,resumed 表恢复、重新开始。suspended 为中止,transferred 为转移,canceled 为取消,与“再度发掘”相反或无关,故选 resumed。
15第 15 题
答案D
解析“underwater archaeology __ and tools had made huge advances”与后文 robotics、sonar 并列,应是技术手段。techniques 表技术。policies、theories、documents 都不能与 tools 并列并解释巨大进步,故选 techniques。
16第 16 题
答案C
解析“The team __ robotics, sonar mapping…”表示团队使用这些手段。employed 表采用、使用。ordered 为命令,provided 为提供,adjusted 为调整,均不如“运用技术设备”准确,故选 employed。
17第 17 题
答案B
解析“bring the underwater town to __”为习语 bring…to light,意为揭示、使重见天日。effect、reality、mind 均不能构成此固定表达,故选 light。
18第 18 题
答案B
解析“three main roads __ some 50 rectangular buildings”描写道路与建筑的关系。connected 表连接。crossed 为穿过(主语多为道路被建筑穿,逻辑别扭),blocked 为阻挡,altered 为改变,故选 connected。
19第 19 题
答案B
解析大量米诺斯风格织机锤“__ Pavlopetri was a thriving trade center”,分词表推断。suggesting 表表明、暗示。expecting 为期待,predicting 为预测,recalling 为回忆,均不表示出土物所支持的结论,故选 suggesting。
20第 20 题
答案A
解析与 thriving trade center 并列,纺织业应发达兴旺。robust 表强健、兴盛。diverse 为多样,marginal 为边缘,dependent 为依赖,都不能强调纺织业之盛,故选 robust。
2025 年英语一共 8 个题型,可逐篇对照原文与解析。
把同一题型的历年原文放在一起看,更容易发现命题规律。
直接读原文和答案收益很低,先限时做完 5 道题,再回来看解析里的原文定位。
每道错题标一类原因:词汇没认出、定位错段、长难句读断、逻辑关系看反、粗心。
只把真正卡住理解的词收进生词本,配本页原句回看,别整篇抄词。