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2024考研英语一 · 完形填空
本页为 2024考研英语一 完形填空的完整原文、正确答案与逐题解析（原文约 266 词，共 20 题）。建议先自己作答，再逐题核对解析里的原文定位与干扰项说明。
2024考研英语一完形填空原文
There’s nothing more welcoming than a door opening for you. __1__ the need to be touched to open or close, automatic doors are essential in __2__ disabled access to buildings and helping provide general __3__ to commercial buildings.
Self-sliding doors began to emerge as a commercial product in 1960 after being invented six years __4__ by Americans Dee Horton and Lew Hewitt. They __5__ as a novelty feature, but as their use has grown, their __6__ have extended within our technologically advanced world. Particularly __7__ in busy locations or during times of emergency, the doors __8__ crowd management by reducing the obstacles put in peoples’ way.
__9__ making access both in and out of buildings easier for people, the difference in the way many of these doors open helps reduce the total area __10__ by them. Automatic doors often open to the side, with the panels sliding across one another. Replacing swing doors, these __11__ smaller buildings to maximise the usable space inside without having to __12__ the way for a large, sticking-out door. There are many different types of automatic door, with each __13__ specific signals to tell them when to open. __14__ these methods differ, the main __15__ remain the same.
Each automatic door system __16__ the light, sound, weight or movement in their vicinity as a signal to open. Sensor types are chosen to __17__ the different environments they are needed in. __18__ , a busy street might not __19__ a motion-sensored door, as it would constantly be opening for passers-by. A pressure-sensitive mat would be more __20__ to limit the surveyed area.
答案与逐题解析
答案速查
1D
2C
3B
4A
5B
6C
7A
8D
9A
10D
11A
12C
13C
14D
15C
16B
17D
18C
19B
20A
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1第 1 题
答案D
解析空后“the need to be touched to open or close”说明若无人动手推拉，自动门才不可或缺。Without 表示“若没有（用手开关的必要）”，与后文 essential 构成条件关系。Though/Despite 表让步，Besides 表递进，均无法衔接“无需触碰”这一前提。
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2第 2 题
答案C
解析空处需与 disabled access 搭配：自动门对残障人士进出建筑起改善作用。improving 意为提升便利程度。revealing 揭示、demanding 要求、tracing 追踪，均与“无障碍通行”语义不符。
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3第 3 题
答案B
解析and 连接前半“improving disabled access”与后半对商业建筑的作用，应为提供整体便利。convenience 与 welcoming、easier access 呼应。experience 体验、guidance 指导、reference 参考，均偏离“进出方便”这一核心。
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4第 4 题
答案A
解析invented six years __ by，1960 年作为商品出现，发明应在六年前。previously 表示“先前”。temporarily 暂时、successively 相继、eventually 最终，时间关系均不贴切。
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5第 5 题
答案B
解析They 指自动推拉门，后接 as a novelty feature，说明起初只是新奇装置。started out as 为固定搭配“起初是”。held on 坚持、settled down 安顿、went by 经过，无法接 as a novelty。
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6第 6 题
答案C
解析but as their use has grown 转折后，功能在科技世界中扩展。benefits 指带来的益处增多。relations 关系、volumes 体积、sources 来源，均不能与 extended 合理搭配。
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7第 7 题
答案A
解析Particularly __ in busy locations and during emergency， crowded 场合与紧急时刻最能体现其价值。useful 贴合“减少障碍、便于人群管理”。simple/flexible/stable 未突出场合必要性。
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8第 8 题
答案D
解析the doors __ crowd management by reducing obstacles，门通过减少挡路之物来实现人群疏导。act as 意为“充当/起到……作用”。call for 要求、yield to 屈服、insist on 坚持，语义相反或无关。
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9第 9 题
答案A
解析空后 making access easier 与后句 reduce the area 为并列好处。As well as 表示“除……之外还”。In terms of 就……而言、Thanks to 由于、Rather than 而非，逻辑均不匹配。
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10第 10 题
答案D
解析the total area __ by them 指门扇所占空间。occupied 表示“占据”。connected 连接、shared 共享、represented 代表，无法描述门打开时占用的面积。
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11第 11 题
答案A
解析these 指侧滑门，使较小建筑也能最大化内部可用空间。allow sb to do 结构成立。expect/require/direct 后接不定式时主语与语义均不自然。
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12第 12 题
答案C
解析without having to __ the way for a large sticking-out door，不必再为外摆大门让路。clear the way 为习语“扫清道路/腾出空间”。adopt/lead/change 不能构成此搭配。
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13第 13 题
答案C
解析each __ specific signals to tell them when to open，各类门依赖特定信号启动。relying on 依赖。adapting to 适应、deriving from 源自、pointing at 指向，均非“凭信号开门”之意。
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14第 14 题
答案D
解析these methods differ 与 the main __ remain the same 构成让步。Although 虽然方法不同，原则不变。Once/Since/Unless 分别表时间、因果、条件，逻辑不符。
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15第 15 题
答案C
解析方法各异但核心不变，principles 指传感开门的基本原理。records 记录、positions 位置、resources 资源，均不能与 remain the same 对应“原理相同”。
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16第 16 题
答案B
解析Each system __ the light, sound, weight or movement as a signal，把光、声、重量或移动当作信号来处理。analyses 分析识别。controls 控制、produces 产生、mixes 混合，与“作为信号”不搭配。
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17第 17 题
答案D
解析Sensor-types are chosen to __ the different environments，传感器类型应与使用环境相匹配、互补。complement 补充契合。decorate 装饰、compare 比较、protect 保护，语义偏离选型目的。
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18第 18 题
答案C
解析后文 a busy road might not … 是对“按环境选传感器”的举例。For example 引出例证。In conclusion 总结、By contrast 对比、Above all 首要，语篇功能不符。
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19第 19 题
答案B
解析busy road 不宜用运动传感门，因为路人会不断触发。suit 适合。identify 识别、secure 确保、include 包括，不能表示“环境与门类型是否相配”。
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20第 20 题
答案A
解析A pressure-sensitive mat would be more __ to limit the surveyed area，用地垫可缩小探测范围，更为妥当。appropriate 恰当。obvious 明显、impressive 印象深刻、delicate 精致，均不表示“更合适”。
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