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2018考研英语二 · 完形填空
本页为 2018考研英语二 完形填空的完整原文、正确答案与逐题解析（原文约 349 词，共 20 题）。建议先自己作答，再逐题核对解析里的原文定位与干扰项说明。
2018考研英语二完形填空原文
Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful? Because humans have an inherent need to __1__ uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will __2__ to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will __3__.
In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students’ willingness to __4__ themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one __5__, each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist? Half of the pens would __6__ an electric shock when clicked.
Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified; another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified. __7__ left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would __8__. Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli, __9__ the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.
The drive to __10__ is deeply rooted in humans, much the same as the basic drives for __11__ or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct – it can __12__ new scientific advances, for instance – but sometimes such __13__ can backfire. The insight that curiosity can drive you to do __14__ things is a profound one.
Unhealthy curiosity is possible to __15__, however. In a final experiment, participants who were encouraged to __16__ how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to __17__ to see such an image. These results suggest that imagining the __18__ of following through on one’s curiosity ahead of time can help determine __19__ it is worth the endeavor. “Thinking about long-term __20__ is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity,” Hsee says. In other words, don’t read online comments.
答案与逐题解析
答案速查
1B
2D
3A
4D
5C
6D
7A
8B
9C
10A
11D
12A
13C
14B
15B
16B
17C
18D
19B
20A
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1第 1 题
答案B
解析原文开篇点明人们阅读负面评论等痛苦行为，是因为有“inherent need to __1__ uncertainty”。resolve uncertainty 即消除/解决不确定性，与后文“need to know”及好奇心驱使完全对应。protect、discuss、ignore 均无法与 uncertainty 构成“消除未知”的搭配，词义不符。
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2第 2 题
答案D
解析人们为满足好奇心会主动付出代价：will __2__ to satisfy their curiosity。seek 表示主动寻求（哪怕答案会带来痛苦），与下文电击实验中主动点笔一致。refuse、wait、regret 与“强烈求知欲驱使行动”相反或无关。
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3第 3 题
答案A
解析即便明知答案会 __3__，仍去满足好奇。hurt 对应全文“painful”“unpleasant stimuli”“shocks”，即答案会带来伤害。last、mislead、rise 无法概括电击、指甲刮黑板、恶心照片等负面结果。
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4第 4 题
答案D
解析实验测试学生是否愿意 __4__ themselves to unpleasant stimuli。expose ... to 为固定搭配，意为使自己暴露于不愉快刺激。alert、tie、treat 不能与 to unpleasant stimuli 构成通顺语义。
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5第 5 题
答案C
解析For one __5__ 引出具体实验设置。trial 指一次试验/实验，与 series of four experiments 及后续 pens 操作吻合。message、review、concept 均非实验场景用语。
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6第 6 题
答案D
解析半数笔点击时会 __6__ an electric shock。deliver a shock 即释放/给予电击，符合装置功能。remove、weaken、interrupt 与“点击产生电击”相反。
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7第 7 题
答案A
解析学生被单独留在房间后发生点击行为，用 __7__ left alone。When 表时间先后，符合实验流程。If、Though、Unless 分别表条件、让步、除非，逻辑不符。
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8第 8 题
答案B
解析知情组知道哪些笔会电击，即知道 what would __8__。happen 指将发生的事（电击与否）。continue、disappear、change 无法对应“电击这一结果”。
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9第 9 题
答案C
解析后续实验用其他刺激再现效应，并举例指甲刮黑板声与恶心昆虫照片，故用 __9__。such as 表列举。rather than 表对比，regardless of 表不论，owing to 表原因，均不适合举例。
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10第 10 题
答案A
解析The drive to __10__ 即求知/发现的驱力，与全文 curiosity、need to know 一致。discover 最贴切。forgive、forget、disagree 与好奇心主题无关。
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11第 11 题
答案D
解析好奇心与基本驱力一样根深蒂固，后者举例 __11__ or shelter。food 与 shelter 同属生存基本需求。pay、marriage、schooling 并非与 shelter 并列的本能驱力。
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12第 12 题
答案A
解析好奇心常被视为好本能，例如能 __12__ new scientific advances。lead to 表示带来/导致科学进步。rest on、learn from、begin with 无法表达“促成进步”。
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13第 13 题
答案C
解析但有时 such __13__ can backfire。inquiry 即探究/好奇本身，与 curiosity 同义替换。withdrawal、persistence、diligence 不能指代好奇心这一本能。
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14第 14 题
答案B
解析洞察在于好奇会驱使你做 __14__ things。self-destructive 对应电击、看恶心图等自我伤害行为。self-reliant、self-evident、self-deceptive 语义不符。
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15第 15 题
答案B
解析不过不健康的好奇心仍可被 __15__。resist 即抵制，与后文想象后果后较少去看图、以及 Hsee 所说减少负面影响一致。define、replace、trace 无“克制”义。
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16第 16 题
答案B
解析被鼓励去 __16__ how they would feel after viewing。predict 即预先设想感受，对应后文 imagining ... ahead of time。overlook、design、conceal 与“事先想象感受”相反。
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17第 17 题
答案C
解析预先想象后，较少 __17__ to see such an image。choose 表示选择去看。remember、promise、pretend 无法表达“决定是否观看”。
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18第 18 题
答案D
解析想象跟随好奇心付诸行动的 __18__。outcome 即结果/后果，与后文 long-term consequences、是否值得一致。relief、plan、duty 不能概括电击或恶心图带来的后果。
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19第 19 题
答案B
解析帮助判断 __19__ it is worth the endeavor。whether 表是否值得去做。why、where、how 不能构成“值不值得”的选择关系。
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20第 20 题
答案A
解析Hsee 指出思考长期 __20__ 是减少好奇心负面影响的关键。consequences 即后果，与 outcome、hurt、backfire 一脉相承。investments、strategies、limitations 偏离“事先权衡代价”的主旨。
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