先做后看
直接读原文和答案收益很低，先限时做完 5 道题，再回来看解析里的原文定位。
2011考研英语二 · 完形填空
本页为 2011考研英语二 完形填空的完整原文、正确答案与逐题解析（原文约 360 词，共 20 题）。建议先自己作答，再逐题核对解析里的原文定位与干扰项说明。
2011考研英语二完形填空原文
The Internet affords anonymity to its users, a blessing to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cyber-crime that has __1__ across the Web.
Can privacy be preserved __2__ bringing safety and security to a world that seems increasingly __3__ ?
Last month, Howard Schmidt, the nation’s cyber-czar, offered the federal government a __4__ to make the Web a safer place – a “voluntary trusted identity” system that would be the high-tech __5__ of a physical key, a fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled __6__ one. The system might use a smart identity card, or a digital credential __7__ to a specific computer, and would authenticate users at a range of online services.
The idea is to __8__ a federation of private online identity systems. Users could __9__ which system to join, and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems. The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver’s license __10__ by the government.
Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have these “single sign- on” systems that make it possible for users to __11__ just once but use many different services.
__12__ , the approach would create a “walled garden” in cyberspace, with safe “neighborhoods” and bright “streetlights” to establish a sense of a __13__ community.
Mr. Schmidt described it as a “voluntary ecosystem” in which “individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with __14__ , trusting the identities of each other and the identities of the infrastructure __15__ which the transaction runs.”
Still, the administration’s plan has __16__ privacy rights activists. Some applaud the approach; others are concerned. It seems clear that such a scheme is an initiative push toward what would __17__ be a compulsory Internet “driver’s license” mentality.
The plan has also been greeted with __18__ by some computer security experts, who worry that the “voluntary ecosystem” envisioned by Mr. Schmidt would still leave much of the Internet __19__ . They argue that all Internet users should be __20__ to register and identify themselves, in the same way that drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads.
答案与逐题解析
答案速查
1A
2C
3B
4D
5D
6B
7A
8C
9C
10B
11D
12B
13A
14C
15A
16A
17D
18A
19C
20D
-
1第 1 题
答案A
解析原文写网络犯罪“explosion ... that has __1__ across the Web”，空格需表“席卷、迅速蔓延”。“swept”与across搭配，正合“扫过、席卷”之意。skipped为跳过，walked为步行，ridden为骑乘，均无法描写犯罪浪潮在网上扩散，故A正确。
-
2第 2 题
答案C
解析题干问隐私能否在带来安全的同时得以保全。原文“preserved __2__ bringing safety”需要“一边……一边……”的并列关系。while可表同时进行；for表目的，within表范围，though表让步，都不能准确衔接“保全隐私”与“带来安全”两件事，故C正确。
-
3第 3 题
答案B
解析前文强调匿名催生网络犯罪，后文写这个世界“increasingly __3__”。lawless（无法无天）与犯罪爆发、秩序缺失对应。careless粗心、pointless无意义、helpless无助，均未点出“缺乏法治/秩序”这一核心，故B正确。
-
4第 4 题
答案D
解析Howard Schmidt“offered the federal government a __4__ to make the Web a safer place”，后接具体方案。proposal（提议、方案）与offer搭配自然。reason理由、reminder提醒、compromise妥协，都不能概括他所提出的整套身份系统，故D正确。
-
5第 5 题
答案D
解析系统被比作实体钥匙、指纹和证件的“high-tech __5__”。equivalent（对等物、等同物）准确表达“高科技版的等价物”。information信息、interference干扰、entertainment娱乐，语义均不匹配比喻，故D正确。
-
6第 6 题
答案B
解析“a physical key, a fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled __6__ one”为固定搭配roll into one，意为“合而为一”。by、from、over均不能构成此习语，故B正确。
-
7第 7 题
答案A
解析数字凭证“__7__ to a specific computer”，需表“与某台电脑绑定”。linked（连接、关联）最贴切。directed指向、chained锁链、compared比较，都不能准确说明凭证与设备的对应关系，故A正确。
-
8第 8 题
答案C
解析“The idea is to __8__ a federation of private online identity systems”，idea的内容是建立联盟。create（创建）与federation搭配。dismiss解散、discover发现、improve改进，都改变了“从无到有建立”的原意，故C正确。
-
9第 9 题
答案C
解析用户“could __9__ which system to join”，强调自主选择加入哪一套。select（选择）最直接。recall回忆、suggest建议、realize意识到，均不能表示“挑选加入对象”，故C正确。
-
10第 10 题
答案B
解析与政府颁发的“Internet driver’s license __10__ by the government”对比。issued（签发、颁发）是证件的常规搭配。released发布、distributed分发、delivered递送，语气与“驾照式强制身份”不符，故B正确。
-
11第 11 题
答案D
解析single sign-on让用户“__11__ just once but use many different services”。log in（登录）是网络身份验证的标准用语。carry on继续、linger on逗留、set in开始，均非登录动作，故D正确。
-
12第 12 题
答案B
解析前文讲自愿身份联盟，后文说会形成“walled garden”。In effect（实际上、结果是）表结果阐释。In vain徒劳、In return作为回报、In contrast对比，逻辑都不承接，故B正确。
-
13第 13 题
答案A
解析“safe neighborhoods and bright streetlights”要营造“a sense of a __13__ community”。trusted（可信的）与后文信任身份、安全社区一致。modernized现代化、thriving繁荣、competing竞争，均未点出“信任”主题，故A正确。
-
14第 14 题
答案C
解析人们“complete online transactions with __14__”，并信任彼此身份。confidence（信心）与trusting呼应。caution谨慎、delight喜悦、patience耐心，都不能概括“放心交易”的心态，故C正确。
-
15第 15 题
答案A
解析“the infrastructure __15__ which the transaction runs”为定语从句，run on（在……上运行）是固定介词。after、beyond、across均不能与run构成此结构，故A正确。
-
16第 16 题
答案A
解析“the plan has __16__ privacy rights activists. Some applaud; others are concerned”明示意见分裂。divided（使分裂）最准。disappointed失望、protected保护、united团结，都与“有人赞成有人担忧”矛盾，故A正确。
-
17第 17 题
答案D
解析担心该方案会“__17__ be a compulsory ... mentality”，即最终走向强制。eventually（最终）表趋势。frequently经常、incidentally偶然、occasionally偶尔，都不能表达“终将变成强制”的走向，故D正确。
-
18第 18 题
答案A
解析安全专家“greeted with __18__”，并worry自愿体系仍有漏洞。skepticism（怀疑）与worry一致。tolerance容忍、indifference冷漠、enthusiasm热情，均与担忧态度相反，故A正确。
-
19第 19 题
答案C
解析专家担心自愿体系仍会“leave much of the Internet __19__”。vulnerable（易受攻击的）与“仍不安全”对应。manageable可管理、defendable可防御、invisible不可见，都不能表达残留风险，故C正确。
-
20第 20 题
答案D
解析专家主张“all Internet users should be __20__ to register”，类比必须持驾照上路。forced（被迫、强制）与compulsory、must be licensed一致。invited邀请、appointed任命、allowed允许，都削弱了强制意味，故D正确。
本卷其他题型
2011 年英语二共 8 个题型，可逐篇对照原文与解析。
同题型其他年份
把同一题型的历年原文放在一起看，更容易发现命题规律。
怎么用这一页
按错因归类
每道错题标一类原因：词汇没认出、定位错段、长难句读断、逻辑关系看反、粗心。
沉淀生词
只把真正卡住理解的词收进生词本，配本页原句回看，别整篇抄词。