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2014考研英语二 · 完形填空
本页为 2014考研英语二 完形填空的完整原文、正确答案与逐题解析（原文约 358 词，共 20 题）。建议先自己作答，再逐题核对解析里的原文定位与干扰项说明。
2014考研英语二完形填空原文
Thinner isn’t always better. A number of studies have __1__ that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight. And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually __2__ . For example, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women. __3__ , among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an __4__ of good health.
Of even greater __5__ is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define. It is often defined __6__ body mass index, or BMI. BMI __7__ body mass divided by the square of height. An adult with a BMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be normal weight. Between 25 and 30 is overweight. And over 30 is considered obese. Obesity, __8__ , can be divided into moderately obese, severely obese, and very severely obese.
While such numerical standards seem __9__ , they are not. Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat. Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit, __10__ others with a low BMI may be in poor __11__ . For example, many collegiate and professional football players __12__ as obese, though their percentage body fat is low. Conversely, someone with a small frame may have high body fat but a __13__ BMI.
Today we have a(n) __14__ to label obesity as a disgrace. The overweight are sometimes __15__ in the media with their faces covered. Stereotypes __16__ with obesity include laziness, lack of will power, and lower prospects for success. Teachers, employers, and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese. __17__ very young children tend to look down on the overweight, and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools.
Negative attitudes toward obesity, __18__ in health concerns, have stimulated a number of anti-obesity __19__ . My own hospital system has banned sugary drinks from its facilities. Many employers have instituted weight loss and fitness initiatives. Michelle Obama has launched a high-visibility campaign __20__ childhood obesity, even claiming that it represents our greatest national security threat.
答案与逐题解析
答案速查
1B
2A
3C
4A
5D
6A
7C
8C
9D
10B
11A
12B
13C
14D
15B
16D
17A
18D
19C
20B
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1第 1 题
答案B
解析原文“A number of studies have __ that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk”表明多项研究得出“正常体重者某些疾病风险更高”的结论，故填concluded。denied、doubted与后文肯定性发现相反；ensured多指保证某事发生，不能直接接that从句陈述研究发现。
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2第 2 题
答案A
解析后文举例“heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency”，说明超重对某些健康状况具有保护作用，故填protective。dangerous、troublesome与“更不易缺钙”语义相反；sufficient表示充足，不能修饰健康状况本身。
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3第 3 题
答案C
解析前句讲超重女性更不易缺钙，本句讲老年人略超重往往是健康标志，两例同向并列，故用Likewise。Instead、However表转折；Therefore表因果，此处并无推理关系。
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4第 4 题
答案A
解析“being somewhat overweight is often an __ of good health”指略超重常被看作健康良好的标志，indicator（指标、征象）搭配成立。objective是目标，origin是起源，example是例子，均不能说“是健康的……”。
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5第 5 题
答案D
解析段首“Of even greater __ is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define”，强调肥胖难以界定更令人关切，concern符合语篇递进。impact侧重冲击，relevance是关联，assistance是帮助，语义均不贴切。
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6第 6 题
答案A
解析“It is often defined __ body mass index”表示用BMI来界定肥胖，固定搭配in terms of（依据、从……方面）。in case of表万一，in favor of表赞成，in respects of非规范搭配。
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7第 7 题
答案C
解析“BMI __ body mass divided by the square of height”是定义等式：BMI等于体重除以身高平方，equals最准确。measures、determines强调测量或判定过程，modifies是修改，均不符公式表述。
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8第 8 题
答案C
解析前文把肥胖按BMI分段，接着“Obesity, __ , can be divided into moderately...”，表示进一步、依次再细分，in turn合适。in essence是本质上，in contrast是对比，in part是部分地，逻辑不符。
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9第 9 题
答案D
解析“While such numerical standards seem __ , they are not”让步：数字标准看似直截了当，其实不然，straightforward与后文否定形成对照。complicated与seem后的让步方向相反；conservative、variable不能准确概括“数字标准显得简单”。
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10第 10 题
答案B
解析“Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit, __ others with a low BMI may be in poor...”前后对比，while表对照。so表因果，since表原因，unless表除非，都不能连接两种相反情形。
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11第 11 题
答案A
解析与“extremely fit”相对，低BMI者可能“身材/体能状况差”，in poor shape为习语。spirit指精神，balance指平衡，taste指品味，均不能与poor构成此义。
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12第 12 题
答案B
解析“many...football players __ as obese, though their percentage body fat is low”指按BMI标准可被归为肥胖，qualify as（有资格被看作、符合……标准）正确。start、retire、stay无法与as obese构成“被界定为”之义。
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13第 13 题
答案C
解析“someone with a small frame may have high body fat but a __ BMI”与高体脂对照，骨架小者BMI仍可能正常，normal。strange、changeable、constant都不能说明“体脂高而指数仍属正常范围”。
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14第 14 题
答案D
解析“Today we have a(n) __ to label obesity as a disgrace”指当下存在把肥胖贴上耻辱标签的倾向，tendency。option、opportunity偏选择或时机，reason是理由，均不如tendency贴合社会态度。
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15第 15 题
答案B
解析“The overweight are sometimes __ in the media with their faces covered”指媒体呈现超重者时遮脸，pictured（被描绘、被呈现）正确。employed、imitated、monitored与“遮脸出现在媒体上”无关。
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16第 16 题
答案D
解析“Stereotypes __ with obesity include laziness...”固定搭配associated with（与……相关的刻板印象）。compared with是比较，combined with是结合，settled with不搭配stereotypes。
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17第 17 题
答案A
解析前文已述教师雇主等有偏见，本句推进到“__ very young children tend to look down on”，Even强调连幼童也如此。Still、Yet偏转折，Only缩小范围，均削弱递进语气。
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18第 18 题
答案D
解析“Negative attitudes toward obesity, __ in health concerns”表示这些负面态度以健康担忧为根据，grounded in。despised、corrected、ignored不能与in health concerns构成“植根于/基于”的语义。
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19第 19 题
答案C
解析负面态度“have stimulated a number of anti-obesity __”，后文禁售含糖饮料、减重计划、奥巴马倡议均属政策举措，policies。discussions、businesses、studies不能统摄这些具体措施。
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20第 20 题
答案B
解析“campaign __ childhood obesity”反对儿童肥胖的运动，against。for表支持，with、without不能表达“抗击、针对”的战役指向。
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