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2011考研英语二 · 新题型
本页为 2011考研英语二 新题型的完整原文、正确答案与逐题解析（原文约 557 词，共 5 题）。建议先自己作答，再逐题核对解析里的原文定位与干扰项说明。
2011考研英语二新题型原文
Leading doctors today weigh in on the debate over the government’s role in promoting public health by demanding that ministers impose “fat taxes” on unhealthy food and introduce cigarette-style warnings to children about the dangers of a poor diet.
The demands follow comments made last week by the health secretary, Andrew Lansley, who insisted the government could not force people to make healthy choices and promised to free businesses from public health regulations. But senior medical figures want to stop fast-food outlets opening near schools, restrict advertising of products high in fat, salt or sugar, and limit sponsorship of sports events by fast-food producers such as McDonald’s. They argue that government action is necessary to curb Britain’s addiction to unhealthy food and help halt spiraling rates of obesity, diabetes and heart disease. Professor Terence Stephenson, president of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, said that the consumption of unhealthy food should be seen to be just as damaging as somking or excessive drinking.
“Thirty years ago, it would have been inconceivable to have imagined a ban on smoking in the workplace or in pubs, and yet that is what we have now. Are we willing to be just as courageous in respect of obesity? I would suggest that we should be,” said the leader of the UK’s children’s doctors.
Lansley has alarmed health campaigners by suggesting he wants industry rather than government to take the lead. He said that manufacturers of crisps and candies could play a central role in the Change4Life campaign, the centrepiece of government efforts to boost healthy eating and fitness. He has also criticised the celebrity chef Jamie Oliver’s high-profile attempt to improve school lunches in England as an example of how “lecturing” people was not the best way to change their behaviour.
Stephenson suggested potential restrictions could include banning TV advertisements for foods high in fat, salt or sugar before 9 pm and limiting them on billboards or in cinemas. “If we were really bold, we might even begin to think of high-calorie fast food in the same way as cigarettes – by setting strict limits on advertising, product placement and sponsorship of sports events,” he said.
Such a move could affect firms such as McDonald’s, which sponsors the youth coaching scheme run by the Football Association. Fast-food chains should also stop offering “inducements” such as toys, cute animals and mobile phone credit to lure young customers, Stephenson said.
Professor Dinesh Bhugra, president of the Royal College of Psychiatrists, said: “If children are taught about the impact that food has on their growth, and that some things can harm, at least information is available up front.”
He also urged councils to impose “fast-food-free zones” around schools and hospitals – areas within which takeaways cannot open.
A Department of Health spokesperson said: “We need to create a new vision for public health where all of society works together to get healthy and live longer. This includes creating a new ‘responsibility deal’ with business, built on social responsibility, not state regulation. Later this year, we will publish a white paper setting out exactly how we will achieve this.”
The food industry will be alarmed that such senior doctors back such radical moves, especially the call to use some of the tough tactics that have been deployed against smoking over the last decade.
答案与逐题解析
答案速查
41E
42D
43C
44B
45G
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41第 41 题:Andrew Lansley 的观点对应右栏哪一项?
答案E
解析原文写 Lansley “insisted the government could not force people”并称薯片糖果厂商 “could play a central role in the Change4Life campaign”，这与 E 中厂商可对运动作出重大贡献同义。A、B、D 是医生们的管制诉求，非他的立场；他批评 Oliver 的 “lecturing” 并非有效途径，故 C 相反；F 文中未提家长示范。
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42第 42 题:Terence Stephenson 的观点对应右栏哪一项?
答案D
解析Stephenson 把不健康饮食比作吸烟酗酒，并问能否像禁烟一样对肥胖 “courageous”，还设想对高热量快餐采取香烟式广告、植入与赞助限制，与开篇医生要求给儿童 “cigarette-style warnings” 一致，故对 D。A 的脂肪税、B 的校园周边禁开店并非他的原话；E、G 属政府/企业责任路线，与他主张的强硬监管相反。
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43第 43 题:Jamie Oliver 的观点对应右栏哪一项?
答案C
解析文中并未直接引述 Oliver 发言，而是 Lansley 把他改善英格兰学校午餐的高调尝试当作 “lecturing” 无效的例证，说明 Oliver 一方正是以说教、倡导方式推动午餐改革，故对应 C。A、B、D 是医生的管制建议；E、G 是 Lansley 与卫生部口径；F 无依据。注意 C 表述的是其做法被贴上 lecturing 标签，并非 Lansley 认为有效。
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44第 44 题:Dinesh Bhugra 的观点对应右栏哪一项?
答案B
解析Bhugra 明确 “urged councils to impose ‘fast-food-free zones’ around schools and hospitals”，即学校周边不得新开外卖店，与 B 一致。A、D 是文首医生集体诉求或 Stephenson 的香烟类比；E、G 是企业自律路线；C 属 Oliver；F 未涉及家长。
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45第 45 题:A Department of Health spokesperson 的观点对应右栏哪一项?
答案G
解析卫生部发言人主张全社会合作，并建立与企业的 “responsibility deal”，“built on social responsibility, not state regulation”，即强化企业社会责任而非国家强制，对应 G。A、B、D 是医生要求的税收、禁令和警示；E 是 Lansley 对零食品牌的具体点名；C、F 与该发言无关。
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