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2010考研英语一 · 完形填空
本页为 2010考研英语一 完形填空的完整原文、正确答案与逐题解析（原文约 280 词，共 20 题）。建议先自己作答，再逐题核对解析里的原文定位与干扰项说明。
2010考研英语一完形填空原文
In 1924 America’s National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of experiments at a telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how shop-floor lighting __1__ workers’ productivity. Instead, the studies ended __2__ giving their name to the “Hawthorne effect,” the extremely influential idea that the very __3__ of being experimented upon changed subjects’ behavior.
The idea arose because of the __4__ behavior of the women in the plant. According to __5__ of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not __6__ what was done in the experiment; __7__ something was changed, productivity rose. A(n) __8__ that they were being experimented upon seemed to be __9__ to alter workers’ behavior __10__ itself.
After several decades, the same data were __11__ to econometric analysis. The Hawthorne experiments had another surprise in store. __12__ the descriptions on record, no systematic __13__ was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting.
It turns out that the peculiar way of conducting the experiments may have led to __14__ interpretations of what happened. __15__ , lighting was always changed on a Sunday. When work started again on Monday, output __16__ rose compared with the previous Saturday and __17__ to rise for the next couple of days. __18__ , a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Mondays. Workers __19__ to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case, before __20__ a plateau and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged “Hawthorne effect” is hard to pin down.
答案与逐题解析
答案速查
1A
2B
3C
4B
5C
6B
7D
8A
9C
10D
11C
12A
13A
14D
15B
16A
17D
18C
19B
20D
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1第 1 题
答案A
解析原文写希望弄清车间照明如何“影响”工人生产率，lighting 与 productivity 之间是作用关系。affected 表示“影响”，语义贴切。achieved 强调达成成果，extracted 为提取，restored 为恢复，均无法与 lighting 搭配说明其对产出的作用。
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2第 2 题
答案B
解析ended up doing 是固定结构，表示“最终却……”。此处实验并未达成初衷，反而以霍桑效应命名。ended at/with/off 均无“结果变成”之意，不能接 giving their name。
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3第 3 题
答案C
解析霍桑效应的核心是“被实验”这一行为本身改变了受试者表现。the very act of being experimented upon 点明“行为/举动”。truth、sight、proof 分别指真相、看见、证据，无法对应“被实验”这一过程。
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4第 4 题
答案B
解析女工产量无论增光还是减光都上升，这种表现令人困惑。perplexing 即“令人费解的”。controversial 侧重争议，mischievous 指恶作剧，ambiguous 指歧义含混，均不如“费解”贴合前后反常数据。
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5第 5 题
答案C
解析according to accounts of the experiments 指“根据实验记述/记录”。accounts 可指对过程的叙述。requirements 是要求，explanations 是解释，assessments 是评估，都不能引出后文对产量变化的具体描述。
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6第 6 题
答案B
解析It did not matter what was done 表示“做什么都无所谓”。matter 作“要紧”讲，与后文“只要有变化产量就升”衔接。conclude、indicate、work 无法构成 it did not … what 这一惯用否定结构。
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7第 7 题
答案D
解析so long as something was changed 表示“只要有所改变”。条件关系与“产量就上升”一致。as far as 表程度，for fear that、in case that 表担心或以防，逻辑不符。
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8第 8 题
答案A
解析工人意识到自己在被实验，这种 awareness 足以改变行为。awareness 对应 being experimented upon 的知觉。expectation、sentiment、illusion 分别是期待、情绪、错觉，原文并未强调这些。
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9第 9 题
答案C
解析seemed to be enough to alter 表示“似乎就足以改变”。enough 后接 to do 表充分。suitable 指合适，excessive、abundant 指过量或充裕，语义过重或搭配不当。
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10第 10 题
答案D
解析by itself 强调“单凭这一点、本身就”。改变行为的原因就是被实验的意识本身。about/for/on itself 均非此固定用法。
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11第 11 题
答案C
解析data were subjected to econometric analysis 表示“数据被拿去作计量分析”。be subjected to 为“经受、接受（处理）”。compared、shown、conveyed 无法准确表达“提交给某种分析”。
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12第 12 题
答案A
解析后文说并未发现生产率与照明变化的系统关联，与原先记录描述相反。Contrary to the descriptions 点明对照。Consistent with、Parallel with 表一致，Peculiar to 表特有，方向相反。
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13第 13 题
答案A
解析no systematic evidence was found that … 表示“未发现系统证据证明……”。evidence 与 that 从句搭配自然。guidance、implication、source 分别是指导、暗示、来源，不能支撑“未发现关联”这一结论。
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14第 14 题
答案D
解析实验操作方式可能导致对现象的误读。misleading interpretations 即“误导性解释”。disputable 仅言有争议，enlightening、reliable 为正面评价，与后文拆解霍桑效应不符。
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15第 15 题
答案B
解析lighting was always changed on a Sunday 是对“奇特做法”的举例。For example 引出具体操作。In contrast、In consequence、As usual 分别表对比、结果、照例，衔接功能不对。
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16第 16 题
答案A
解析周一开工后产量“照例/按时”上升。duly 表示按预期发生。accidentally、unpredictably 强调偶然或难料，suddenly 强调突然，均不如“照例”贴合后文“周一总会升”。
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17第 17 题
答案D
解析产量先升，并在随后几天 continued to rise。continued 与 for the next couple of days 连贯。failed、ceased 表未继续，started 与已上升的事实重复冲突。
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18第 18 题
答案C
解析然而对比无实验周的数据，周一产量本来就会升。However 表转折，推翻“照明变化导致上升”的归因。Therefore、Furthermore、Meanwhile 分别表因果、递进、同时，逻辑不符。
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19第 19 题
答案B
解析工人 anyway 在每周前几天 tended to be diligent，属惯常倾向。tended to 表倾向于。attempted、chose、intended 强调主观企图或选择，原文说的是普遍规律而非意愿。
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20第 20 题
答案D
解析产量先升，随后 hitting a plateau 再回落。hit a plateau 为“达到平台期”的固定搭配。breaking、climbing、surpassing 与 plateau 不能构成这一习语。
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