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2012考研英语一 · 完形填空
本页为 2012考研英语一 完形填空的完整原文、正确答案与逐题解析（原文约 274 词，共 20 题）。建议先自己作答，再逐题核对解析里的原文定位与干扰项说明。
2012考研英语一完形填空原文
The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have become an important issue recently. The court cannot __1__ its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law __2__ justices behave like politicians. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that __3__ the court's reputation for being independent and impartial.
Justice Antonin Scalia, for example, appeared at political events. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court's decisions will be __4__ as impartial judgments. Part of the problem is that the justices are not __5__ by an ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself __6__ to the code of conduct that __7__ to the rest of the federal judiciary.
This and other similar cases __8__ the question of whether there is still a __9__ between the court and politics.
The framers of the Constitution envisioned law __10__ having authority apart from politics. They gave justices permanent positions __11__ they would be free to __12__ those in power and have no need to __13__ political support. Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely __14__.
Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social __15__ like liberty and property. When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it __16__ is inescapably political – which is why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily __17__ as unjust.
The justices must __18__ doubts about the court's legitimacy by making themselves __19__ to the code of conduct. That would make rulings more likely to be seen as separate from politics and, __20__, convincing as law.
答案与逐题解析
答案速查
1B
2A
3B
4D
5C
6B
7D
8B
9A
10B
11A
12C
13C
14D
15A
16C
17A
18C
19D
20D
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1第 1 题
答案B
解析原文“The court cannot __ its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law”指出法院需保住法治守护者的合法性。maintain 与 legitimacy 搭配，表示“维持合法性”，与后文法官若像政客则合法性受损的逻辑一致。emphasize 只是强调、modify 是修改、recognize 是承认，均不能表达“保住既有合法性”的意思，故选 maintain。
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2第 2 题
答案A
解析cannot … legitimacy 与后文 justices behave like politicians 构成条件关系：法官一旦像政客行事，法院便无法维持合法性，故填 when。lest 表“以免”、before 表时间先后、unless 表“除非（否定条件）”，与“不能维持……当……时”的语义不符。
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3第 3 题
答案B
解析Yet 转折后写若干情形中法官的行为损害了法院“independent and impartial”的声誉，weakened 正合“削弱声誉”。restored 是恢复、established 是建立、eliminated 是消除，与“损害既有声誉”方向相反或过强，故排除。
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4第 4 题
答案D
解析政治活动使判决“less likely … as impartial judgments”，即更难被公众当作公正裁决来接受，accepted 与 as impartial judgments 搭配自然。challenged、suspected 偏向质疑，compromised 是妥协，均不能表达“被认可为公正判决”。
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5第 5 题
答案C
解析“justices are not __ by an ethics code”指法官不受伦理准则约束，be bound by 为固定搭配。advanced、caught、founded 均不能与 by an ethics code 构成“受……约束”之义。
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6第 6 题
答案B
解析“make itself __ to the code of conduct”要求法院至少应受该准则管辖，subject to 表示“服从于、受……约束”。resistant、immune 表抵制或免疫，prone 表易于，语义相反或无关。
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7第 7 题
答案D
解析定语从句修饰 code of conduct，该准则“__ to the rest of the federal judiciary”，applies to 表示“适用于”其余联邦司法系统。resorts to、sticks to、leads to 分别是诉诸、坚持、导致，搭配与对象均不合适。
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8第 8 题
答案B
解析前述事例“__ the question of whether…”，raise the question 为习语，表示“提出问题”。evade 逃避、deny 否认、settle 解决，与“引发是否仍有界限的疑问”不符。
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9第 9 题
答案A
解析问的是法院与政治之间是否仍有分界，a line between 表示界限，与后文 set law apart from politics 呼应。barrier 偏障碍、similarity 是相似、conflict 是冲突，都不能准确表达“分界线”。
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10第 10 题
答案B
解析envisioned law __ having authority 中，envision … as 表示“把法律设想为具有独立于政治的权威”。by、through、towards 均不能构成“设想为……”的结构。
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11第 11 题
答案A
解析终身职位的目的是让法官“be free to…”，so（that）表目的。since 表原因、provided 表条件、though 表让步，都不能说明授予终身职的意图。
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12第 12 题
答案C
解析法官应能“__ those in power”，即敢于得罪当权者而不必讨好，upset 符合“触怒、惹恼”。serve、satisfy 是迎合，replace 是取代，与“独立于权力”相反。
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13第 13 题
答案C
解析终身职使法官“have no need to __ political support”，无需培植政治支持，cultivate 表示培养、经营。confirm、express、offer 不能表达“经营政治支持”这一搭配。
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14第 14 题
答案D
解析法律被特意与政治分开，正因为二者“so closely __”，tied 表示紧密相连。guarded、followed、studied 无法说明二者关系之近。
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15第 15 题
答案A
解析choices rooted in fundamental social __ like liberty and property，自由与财产属于基本社会观念，concepts 贴切。theories、divisions、conventions 分别是理论、划分、惯例，概括不当。
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16第 16 题
答案C
解析法院处理社会政策时，“the law it __ is inescapably political”，shape 表示其塑造、形成的法律必然带政治性。excludes、questions、controls 不能说明“所形成的法律”。
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17第 17 题
答案A
解析沿意识形态分裂的判决“easily __ as unjust”，dismissed as 表示被轻易斥为不公。released、ranked、distorted 不能构成“被视为不公而摒弃”的语义。
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18第 18 题
答案C
解析justices must __ doubts about legitimacy，须正面应对对其合法性的怀疑，address 表示处理、回应。suppress 压制、exploit 利用、ignore 忽视，与后文通过守则重建信任不符。
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19第 19 题
答案D
解析making themselves __ to the code，即对行为准则负责、受其问责，accountable to 为固定用法。accessible 可接近、amiable 和蔼、agreeable 欣然同意，均不表问责关系。
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20第 20 题
答案D
解析守则将使裁决更像与政治分离，并“__，convincing as law”，as a result 表由此更令人信服。by all means、at all costs 语气过强，in a word 是总结，都不能表示因果结果。
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