2020 英语二 · 5 题

2020考研英语二 · 新题型

本页为 2020考研英语二 新题型的完整原文、正确答案与逐题解析(原文约 511 词,共 5 题)。建议先自己作答,再逐题核对解析里的原文定位与干扰项说明。

2020考研英语二新题型原文

Five Ways to Win Over Everyone in the Office

Is it possible to like everyone in your office? Think about how tough it is to get together 15 people, much less 50, who all get along perfectly. But unlike in friendships, you need coworkers. You work with them every day, and you depend on them just as they depend on you. Here are some ways that you can get the whole office on your side.

41.
If you have a bone to pick with someone in your workplace, you may try to stay tight-lipped around them. But you won’t be helping either one of you. A Harvard Business School study found that observers consistently rated those who were upfront about themselves more highly, while those who hid lost trustworthiness. The lesson is not that you should make your personal life an open book, but rather, when given the option to offer up details about yourself or studiously stash them away, you should just be honest.

42.
Just as important as being honest about yourself is being receptive to others. We often feel the need to tell others how we feel, whether it’s a concern about a project, a stray thought, or a compliment. Those are all valid, but you need to take time to hear out your coworkers, too. In fact, rushing to get your own ideas out there can cause colleagues to feel you don’t value their opinions. Do your best to engage coworkers in a genuine, back-and-forth conversation, rather than prioritizing your own thoughts.

43.
It’s common to have a “cubicle mate” or special confidant in a work setting. But in addition to those trusted coworkers, you should expand your horizons and find out about all the people around you. Use your lunch and coffee breaks to meet up with colleagues you don’t always see. Find out about their lives and interests beyond the job. It requires minimal effort and goes a long way. This will help to grow your internal network, in addition to being a nice break in the work day.

44.
Positive feedback is important for anyone to hear. And you don’t have to be someone’s boss to tell them they did an exceptional job on a particular project. This will help engender good will in others. But don’t overdo it or be fake about it. One study found that people responded best to comments that shifted from negative to positive, possibly because it suggested they had won somebody over.

45.
This one may be a bit more difficult to pull off, but it can go a long way to achieving results. Remember in dealing with any coworker what they appreciate from an interaction. Watch out for how they verbalize with others. Some people like small talk in a meeting before digging into important matters, while others are more straightforward. Jokes that work on one person won’t necessarily land with another. So, adapt your style accordingly to type. Consider the person that you’re dealing with in advance and what will get you to your desired outcome.

答案与逐题解析

答案速查

41E
42F
43D
44A
45C
  1. 41第 41 空:选择最合适的小标题或匹配信息。

    • A. Give compliments, just not too many
    • B. Put on a good face, always
    • C. Tailor your interactions
    • D. Spend time with everyone
    • E. Reveal, don’t hide, information
    • F. Slow down and listen
    • G. Put yourselves in others’ shoes

    答案E

    解析原文强调面对同事不宜“stay tight-lipped”,哈佛研究显示“upfront about themselves”者评价更高,隐瞒则“lost trustworthiness”,结论是不必全盘公开,但有机会时“just be honest”。E项“Reveal, don’t hide, information”正对应“坦诚而非藏着”。B项“始终装笑脸”文中未提;G项“换位思考”偏离诚实与信息公开这一核心。

  2. 42第 42 空:选择最合适的小标题或匹配信息。

    • A. Give compliments, just not too many
    • B. Put on a good face, always
    • C. Tailor your interactions
    • D. Spend time with everyone
    • E. Reveal, don’t hide, information
    • F. Slow down and listen
    • G. Put yourselves in others’ shoes

    答案F

    解析段首点明“being receptive to others”,并提醒勿急于倾诉,“take time to hear out your coworkers”,否则同事会觉得你不重视其意见,应开展“genuine, back-and-forth conversation”。F项“Slow down and listen”概括了放慢节奏、倾听他人。E项已用于上段的自我坦诚;G项“换位”未涉及具体倾听动作。

  3. 43第 43 空:选择最合适的小标题或匹配信息。

    • A. Give compliments, just not too many
    • B. Put on a good face, always
    • C. Tailor your interactions
    • D. Spend time with everyone
    • E. Reveal, don’t hide, information
    • F. Slow down and listen
    • G. Put yourselves in others’ shoes

    答案D

    解析除了固定密友,还应“expand your horizons and find out about all the people around you”,利用午餐咖啡时间“meet up with colleagues you don’t always see”,了解工作以外的生活,以“grow your internal network”。D项“Spend time with everyone”贴合广泛接触。C项侧重沟通方式调整,本段重在见面与结识范围。

  4. 44第 44 空:选择最合适的小标题或匹配信息。

    • A. Give compliments, just not too many
    • B. Put on a good face, always
    • C. Tailor your interactions
    • D. Spend time with everyone
    • E. Reveal, don’t hide, information
    • F. Slow down and listen
    • G. Put yourselves in others’ shoes

    答案A

    解析正面反馈人人需要,即使不是上司也可称赞“exceptional job”,以“engender good will”,但“don’t overdo it or be fake”,研究亦显示先抑后扬更有效。A项“Give compliments, just not too many”准确对应“给赞但勿过量、勿假”。B项“始终装脸”与真诚反馈无关。

  5. 45第 45 空:选择最合适的小标题或匹配信息。

    • A. Give compliments, just not too many
    • B. Put on a good face, always
    • C. Tailor your interactions
    • D. Spend time with everyone
    • E. Reveal, don’t hide, information
    • F. Slow down and listen
    • G. Put yourselves in others’ shoes

    答案C

    解析相处时要留意对方“what they appreciate from an interaction”及说话习惯:有人爱寒暄,有人直奔主题,玩笑也因人而异,故须“adapt your style accordingly to type”,事先考虑对象以达成目标。C项“Tailor your interactions”即因人调整互动。G项“换位思考”偏情感共鸣,本段强调风格适配。

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