先做后看
直接读原文和答案收益很低，先限时做完 5 道题，再回来看解析里的原文定位。
2017考研英语二 · 新题型
本页为 2017考研英语二 新题型的完整原文、正确答案与逐题解析（原文约 545 词，共 5 题）。建议先自己作答，再逐题核对解析里的原文定位与干扰项说明。
2017考研英语二新题型原文
The decline in American manufacturing is a common refrain, particularly from Donald Trump. “We don’t make anything anymore,” he told Fox News, while defending his own made-in-Mexico clothing line.
Without question, manufacturing has taken a significant hit during recent decades, and further trade deals raise questions about whether new shocks could hit manufacturing.
But there is also a different way to look at the data.
Across the country, factory owners are now grappling with a new challenge: Instead of having too many workers, they may end up with too few. Despite trade competition and outsourcing, American manufacturing still needs to replace tens of thousands of retiring boomers every year. Millennials may not be that interested in taking their place. Other industries are recruiting them with similar or better pay.
For factory owners, it all adds up to stiff competition for workers – and upward pressure on wages. “They’re harder to find and they have job offers,” says Jay Dunwell, president of Wolverine Coil Spring, a family-owned firm, “They may be coming [into the workforce], but they’ve been plucked by other industries that are also doing as well as manufacturing.” Mr. Dunwell has begun bringing high school juniors to the factory so they can get exposed to its culture.
At RoMan Manufacturing, a maker of electrical transformers and welding equipment that his father cofounded in 1980, Robert Roth keeps a close eye on the age of his nearly 200 workers. Five are retiring this year. Mr. Roth has three community-college students enrolled in a work-placement program, with a starting wage of $13 an hour that rises to $17 after two years.
At a worktable inside the transformer plant, young Jason Stenquist looks flustered by the copper coils he’s trying to assemble and the arrival of two visitors. It’s his first week on the job. Asked about his choice of career, he says at high school he considered medical school before switching to electrical engineering. “I love working with tools. I love creating,” he says.
But to win over these young workers, manufacturers have to clear another major hurdle: parents, who lived through the worst US economic downturn since the Great Depression, telling them to avoid the factory. Millennials “remember their father and mother both were laid off. They blame it on the manufacturing recession,” says Birgit Klohs, chief executive of The Right Place, a business development agency for western Michigan.
These concerns aren’t misplaced: Employment in manufacturing has fallen from 17 million in 1970 to 12 million in 2015. When the recovery began, worker shortages first appeared in the high-skilled trades. Now shortages are appearing at the mid-skill levels.
“The gap is between the jobs that take no skills and those that require a lot of skill,” says Rob Spohr, a business professor at Montcalm Community College. “There’re enough people to fill the jobs at McDonalds and other places where you don’t need to have much skill. It’s that gap in between, and that’s where the problem is.”
Julie Parks of Grand Rapids Community College points to another key to luring Millennials into manufacturing: a work/life balance. While their parents were content to work long hours, young people value flexibility. “Overtime is not attractive to this generation. They really want to live their lives,” she says.
答案与逐题解析
答案速查
41E
42A
43G
44B
45F
-
41第 41 题:Jay Dunwell 的观点对应右栏哪一项?
答案E
解析原文中 Jay Dunwell 说“They’re harder to find and they have job offers”，并指出年轻人“been plucked by other industries”，对应工厂主面临“stiff competition for workers”。E 正是对其观点的概括。A 是 Stenquist 的择业理由，B 是 Spohr 对技能缺口的判断，C 是特朗普的抱怨，D 是 Roth 盯工人年龄，F、G 分属 Parks 与 Klohs，均张冠李戴。
-
42第 42 题:Jason Stenquist 的观点对应右栏哪一项?
答案A
解析Jason Stenquist 被问及职业选择时说“I love working with tools. I love creating”，并提到高中后从医学院转到电气工程。A 与此完全吻合。E 是 Dunwell 谈招工竞争，D 是 Roth 关注退休年龄，B、F、G 分别对应 Spohr、Parks、Klohs 的论述，C 并非其观点，故排除。
-
43第 43 题:Birgit Klohs 的观点对应右栏哪一项?
答案G
解析Birgit Klohs 明确说千禧一代“remember their father and mother both were laid off. They blame it on the manufacturing recession”。G 即转述这一归因。A 属 Stenquist，B 属 Spohr，E 属 Dunwell，F 属 Parks，C、D 分别对应特朗普与 Roth，均非 Klohs 所言。
-
44第 44 题:Rob Spohr 的观点对应右栏哪一项?
答案B
解析Rob Spohr 指出“There’re enough people to fill the jobs at McDonalds and other places where you don’t need to have much skill”，问题在于中间技能层。B 准确对应。A、E、G、F 分属 Stenquist、Dunwell、Klohs、Parks，D 是 Roth 的做法，C 非其观点。
-
45第 45 题:Julie Parks 的观点对应右栏哪一项?
答案F
解析Julie Parks 强调吸引千禧一代的关键是 work/life balance：“Overtime is not attractive... They really want to live their lives”。F 与此一致。A 是 Stenquist 爱动手，B 是 Spohr 的技能分层，E、G 分属 Dunwell 与 Klohs，C、D 无关，故不选。
本卷其他题型
2017 年英语二共 8 个题型，可逐篇对照原文与解析。
同题型其他年份
把同一题型的历年原文放在一起看，更容易发现命题规律。
怎么用这一页
按错因归类
每道错题标一类原因：词汇没认出、定位错段、长难句读断、逻辑关系看反、粗心。
沉淀生词
只把真正卡住理解的词收进生词本，配本页原句回看，别整篇抄词。