2018年12月英语四级（第1套 · 含听力）选词填空
本页为 2018年12月英语四级（第1套 · 含听力）选词填空 的完整原文、正确答案与逐题解析（原文约 237 词，共 10 题）。建议先自己做一遍，再对照解析看定位与同义改写。
原文
Questions __26__ to __35__ are based on the following passage.
Millions die early from air pollution each year. Air pollution costs the global economy more than $5 trillion annually in welfare costs, with the most serious __26__ occurring in the developing world.
The figures include a number of costs __27__ with air pollution. Lost income alone amounts to $225 billion a year.
The report includes both indoor and outdoor air pollution. Indoor pollution, which includes __28__ like home heating and cooking, has remained __29__ over the past several decades despite advances in the area. Levels of outdoor pollution have grown rapidly along with rapid growth in industry and transportation.
Director of Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation Chris Murray __30__ it as an "urgent call to action." "One of the risk factors for premature deaths is the air we breathe, over which individuals have little __31__ ," he said.
The effects of air pollution are worst in the developing world, where in some places lost-labor income __32__ nearly 1% of GDP. Around 9 in 10 people in low-and middle-income countries live in places where they __33__ experience dangerous levels of outdoor air pollution.
But the problem is not limited __34__ to the developing world. Thousands die prematurely in the U.S. as a result of related illnesses. In many European countries, where diesel (柴油) __35__ have become more common in recent years, that number reaches tens of thousands.
备选词库
备选词库（15 选 10）
答案与逐题解析
答案速查
26
答案F
解析此处需要一个名词，表示与空气污染相关的损失或损害。根据上下文，空气污染造成了巨大的经济损失，因此选择damage。
27
答案B
解析此处需要一个形容词或过去分词，修饰名词costs。根据上下文，这些成本与空气污染有关，因此选择associated。
28
答案M
解析此处需要一个名词复数形式，表示室内污染的来源。根据上下文，室内污染包括家庭取暖和烹饪等活动，因此选择sources。
29
答案D
解析remained为系动词，空格须形容词作主语补语，并非用形容词修饰动词。despite advances表让步：尽管有技…
30
答案G
解析主语Chris Murray之后、宾语it之前需要谓语动词；described在此为一般过去时，构成describe .…
31
答案E
解析此处需要一个名词，表示个人对呼吸空气的控制能力。根据上下文，个人对呼吸的空气几乎没有控制能力，因此选择control。
32
答案H
解析此处需要一个动词，表示失去的劳动收入占GDP的比例。根据上下文，失去的劳动收入几乎占GDP的1%，因此选择equals。
33
答案K
解析空格修饰动词 experience，需要一个频率副词。句意为「约九成低收入和中等收入国家的人生活在经常遭受危险水平室外空…
34
答案I
解析空格修饰动词 limited，构成固定搭配 be limited exclusively to（仅仅局限于）。证据句 t…
35
答案O
解析此处需要一个名词复数形式，表示在欧洲一些国家近年来变得更加常见的事物。根据上下文，这些事物与空气污染有关，因此选择veh…
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