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2015考研英语一 · 新题型
本页为 2015考研英语一 新题型的完整原文、正确答案与逐题解析（原文约 339 词，共 5 题）。建议先自己作答，再逐题核对解析里的原文定位与干扰项说明。
2015考研英语一新题型原文
How does your reading proceed? Clearly you try to comprehend, in the sense of identifying meanings for individual words and working out relationships between them, drawing on your implicit knowledge of English grammar. (41) You begin to infer a context for the text, for instance by making decisions about what kind of speech event is involved: Who is making the utterance, to whom, when and where.
The ways of reading indicated here are without doubt kinds of comprehension. But they show comprehension to consist not just of passive assimilation but of active engagement in inference and problem-solving. You infer information you feel the writer has invited you to grasp by presenting you with specific evidence and clues. (42)
Conceived in this way, comprehension will not follow exactly the same track for each reader. What is in question is not the retrieval of an absolute, fixed or “true” meaning that can be read off and checked for accuracy, or some timeless relation of the text to the world. (43)
Such background material inevitably reflects who we are. (44) This doesn’t, however, make interpretation merely relative or even pointless. Precisely because readers from different historical periods, places and social experiences produce different but overlapping readings of the same words on the page– including for texts that engage with fundamental human concerns – debates about texts can play an important role in social discussion of beliefs and values.
How we read a given text also depends to some extent on our particular interest in reading it. (45) Such dimensions of reading suggest – as others introduced later in the book will also do – that we bring an implicit（often unacknowledged）agenda to any act of reading. It doesn’t then necessarily follow that one kind of reading is fuller, more advanced or more worthwhile than another. Ideally, different kinds of reading inform each other, and act as useful reference points for and counterbalances to one another. Together, they make up the reading component of your overall literacy, or relationship to your surrounding textual environment.
答案与逐题解析
答案速查
41C
42E
43G
44B
45A
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41第 41 题:根据上方材料选择最合适的选项。
答案C
解析空前写明阅读先辨词义、理清词间关系并调用语法知识，接着“begin to infer a context”。C项“guess at their meaning, using clues…mental note of discourse entities”正是对生词与语篇实体的推断，与上文衔接、引出后文语境推断。A谈阅读目的与场合，E谈个人反应，均属后文主题，填入则打断“如何读”的流程。
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42第 42 题:根据上方材料选择最合适的选项。
答案E
解析空前强调理解含主动推断与解题，读者根据作者给出的“evidence and clues”把握信息。E项“make further inferences…personal response…author…far less responsible”把推断推进到对己意义与效度，形成作者难完全负责的个人反应，承接“invited you to grasp”。C已用于词义猜测；D侧重还原作者原意，与“主动参与”不完全吻合。
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43第 43 题:根据上方材料选择最合适的选项。
答案G
解析空前否定存在可核对的“absolute, fixed or ‘true’ meaning”。G项以“Rather”转折，指出意义来自文本形式结构与读者带入的背景知识、信念态度的互动，直接回答“不是固定真义而是什么”。D仍执着作者意图；B谈身份因素，属下一空对背景材料的展开。
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44第 44 题:根据上方材料选择最合适的选项。
答案B
解析空前提到背景材料，空后说“This doesn’t…make interpretation merely relative”，并举不同历史、地域、社会经验产生重叠却不同的解读。B项“place and period…gender, ethnicity, age and social class will encourage…obscure…others”具体说明背景如何塑造并限制解读，与“who we are”及后文“不同但重叠”严丝合缝。G已用于意义建构机制。
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45第 45 题:根据上方材料选择最合适的选项。
答案A
解析空前点明“depends…on our particular interest in reading it”。A项用课程要求、消遣、检索信息及火车/床上与研讨室对照，举例说明兴趣与场景如何改变读法，并引出后文“implicit agenda”。B谈社会身份，E谈个人推断，均已占用；此处需要的是阅读目的与场合的差异。
本卷其他题型
2015 年英语一共 8 个题型，可逐篇对照原文与解析。
同题型其他年份
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