句首分词：逻辑主语去哪儿了

Knowing the results of Epley’s study, it makes sense that many people hate photographs of themselves viscerally – on one level, they don’t even recognise the person in the picture as themselves.

主干it makes sense that many people hate photographs of themselves viscerally

知道了埃普利研究的结果，很多人发自内心地讨厌自己的照片也就说得通了——在某种层面上，他们甚至认不出照片里的人是自己。

看点句首Knowing是悬垂分词，主句主语it（形式主语）无法发出know动作，此处按独立成分/插入语处理，不强行匹配逻辑主语。

Given their combined market value of more than $5.5 trillion, rifling through such small deals—many of them much less prominent than Wunderlist and Sunrise— might seem beside the point.

主干rifling through such small deals might seem beside the point

考虑到它们超过5.5万亿美元的合计市值，翻找这样小的交易——其中许多还不如Wunderlist和Sunrise出名——似乎就显得无关紧要了。

看点Given后接名词，但主句主语rifling无法被给予市值，Given在此虚化为介词“考虑到”，不套用被动逻辑主语规则。

Having said that, I do feel that whatever artifacts find their way to public museum should, in fact, be sanctioned as having been obtained on loan, legally purchased or obtained by treaty.

主干I do feel that whatever artifacts find their way to public museum should be sanctioned

话虽如此，我确实觉得，无论什么文物最终进入了公共博物馆，事实上都应该被批准为通过借展、合法购买或条约方式获得的。

看点句首Having said that是标准分词状语，主句主语I完美匹配，I发出said的动作，逻辑严密。

Having endured a painful period of unsustainability in his own life made it clear to him that sustainability-oriented values must be expressed through everyday action and choice.

主干Having endured a painful period of unsustainability made it clear to him that sustainability-oriented values must be expressed

在自己的生活中经历了一段痛苦的不可持续期后，他清楚地认识到，以可持续发展为导向的价值观必须通过日常的行动和选择来表达。

看点句首Having endured并非状语，而是动名词短语作主语，其逻辑主语由句内的his/him体现，不能用主句谓语made后的it去匹配。

Given the current divorce rate of nearly 50 percent, that amounts to millions of cases in the United States every year – a virtual epidemic of failed conversation.

主干that amounts to millions of cases in the United States every year

考虑到目前近50%的离婚率，这相当于美国每年有数百万起案例——简直是一场失败交流的流行病。

看点主句主语that（代词）无法被赋予离婚率，Given在此同样虚化为介词“考虑到”，直接带出条件状语。

Given the advantages of electronic money, you might think that we would move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically.

主干you might think that we would move quickly to the cashless society

考虑到电子货币的优势，你可能会认为我们会迅速步入所有支付均通过电子方式完成的无现金社会。

看点主句主语you无法被赋予优势，Given介词化，译为“考虑到”。若硬套规则译为“你被赋予了优势”，则逻辑荒谬。