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2017考研英语一 · 翻译
本页为 2017考研英语一 翻译的完整原文、正确答案与逐题解析（原文约 423 词，共 5 题）。建议先自己作答，再逐题核对解析里的原文定位与干扰项说明。
2017考研英语一翻译原文
Section II Reading Comprehension / Part C
The growth of the use of English as the world’s primary language for international communication has obviously been continuing for several decades. (46) But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future. Complex international, economic, technological and cultural changes could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market, and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the breadth of English usage would consequently face new pressures. Those realistic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David Graddol. (47) His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generations of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.
David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face a bleak economic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organisations. Alongside that, (48) many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages. If left to themselves, such trends will diminish the relative strength of the English language in international education markets as the demand for educational resources in languages, such as Spanish, Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process outsourcing in other languages such as Japanese, French and German, spreads.
(49) The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to the UK’s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors. The English language teaching sector directly earns nearly £1.3 billion for the UK in invisible exports and our other education related exports earn up to £10 billion a year more. As the international education market expands, the recent slowdown in the numbers of international students studying in the main English-speaking countries is likely to continue, especially if there are no effective strategic policies to prevent such slippage. The anticipation of possible shifts in demand provided by this study is significant: (50) It gives a basis to all organisations which seek to promote the learning and use of English, a basis for planning to meet the possibilities of what could be a very different operating environment. That is a necessary and practical approach. In this as in much else, those who wish to influence the future must prepare for it.
参考译文与得分要点
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46请翻译第 46 处划线句。
参考译文但是，尽管说英语的人数在进一步增加，却有迹象表明，在可预见的未来，英语的全球主导地位可能会逐渐减弱。
解析even as 表让步，主干是 there are signs that…，that 从句说明迹象内容。predominance 宜译“主导地位”，fade 译“减弱/消退”，foreseeable future 固定为“可预见的未来”。even as 勿译成“甚至当”，应处理为“尽管……却……”；被动意味可保留或略转。常见失分：漏译 further、把 fade 译成“消失”、从句与主句逻辑颠倒。
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47请翻译第 47 处划线句。
参考译文因此，他的分析应当会终结那些人的自满情绪，这些人可能认为英语的全球地位十分稳固，以至于英国的年轻一代无需掌握其他语言能力。
解析therefore 衔接上文，主干 His analysis should end…。those who 定语从句宜拆译为“那些人……这些人可能认为”；so…that 译“如此稳固以至于”。self-contentedness 对应“自满情绪”，additional language capabilities 译“其他语言能力”。技巧：定语后置、增补“情绪”。易错：漏 therefore、把 end 译成“结束分析”、young generations 漏“英国”。
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48请翻译第 48 处划线句。
参考译文许多国家正在把英语引入小学课程，但是英国的学童和学生似乎并未获得更大的鼓励去熟练掌握其他语言。
解析并列对比：are introducing…but…do not appear to…。introducing…into the curriculum 译“引入……课程”；gain encouragement to achieve fluency 宜译“获得鼓励去熟练掌握”。appear to 表“似乎”，勿漏。时态用现在进行与一般现在对应原文。失分点：漏 but 对比、把 primary-school 译成“初级学校”、fluency 只译“流利”而不接“其他语言”。
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49请翻译第 49 处划线句。
参考译文大卫·格拉多尔所指出的这些变化，都对英国面向其他国家人士的英语教学机构以及更广泛的教育产业构成了明确而重大的挑战。
解析identified by…后置定语可提前为“所指出的”。present challenges to A and to B，两个 to 并列，providers of English language teaching 译“英语教学机构/提供者”，broader education business sectors 译“更广泛的教育产业”。clear and major 译“明确而重大”。易漏第二个 to 的对象、把 identified 译成“识别身份”、UK’s 漏“英国的”。
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50请翻译第 50 处划线句。
参考译文它为所有致力于促进英语学习和使用的机构提供了一个依据，以便规划如何应对一个可能截然不同的运营环境。
解析It 指这项研究，gives a basis to…, a basis for planning…为同位重复，可译“提供依据，以便规划”。which seek to 译“致力于”；operating environment 译“运营环境”；what could be 表可能性，用“可能截然不同”。技巧：拆分同位、增补“如何应对”。常见漏译 possibilities、把 promote 译成“促销”。
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