1The grammar school boy from Stratford-upon-Avon has landed a scholarly punch after groundbreaking research showed that Shakespeare does benefit children’s literacy and emotional development.
主干主语：The grammar school boy from Stratford-upon-Avon；谓语：has landed；宾语：a scholarly punch
结构主句后接 after 引导的时间状语从句；从句中 research showed that 再接宾语从句。does benefit 为强调用法。from Stratford-upon-Avon 作后置定语修饰 boy。land a punch 为比喻，表示在学术上“打出一记重拳/赢得一击”。
译文这位来自埃文河畔斯特拉特福的文法学校男孩，在开创性研究证明莎士比亚确实有益于儿童读写能力和情感发展之后，在学术上打出了漂亮的一拳。
考点after 引导时间状语从句，其内再套 that 宾语从句 · does + 动词原形表强调
2The randomised control trial involved hundreds of year 5 pupils — aged nine and ten — at 45 state primary schools that had not been “previously exposed to RSC pedagogy.”
主干主语：The randomised control trial；谓语：involved；宾语：hundreds of year 5 pupils
结构破折号插入语 aged nine and ten 补充说明 pupils 年龄。at 45 state primary schools 作地点状语；that 引导定语从句修饰 schools，从句为过去完成时被动语态 had not been exposed to。引号保留原文术语。
译文这项随机对照试验覆盖了45所此前“从未接触过皇家莎士比亚剧团教学法”的公立小学中数百名五年级学生（九至十岁）。
考点破折号插入语补充年龄 · that 定语从句修饰 schools，注意过去完成被动
3The Time to Act study, which is published by the RSC this week, also found that while control pupils relied on “desert island clichés” such as palm trees, target pupils were “more expansive [giving] a broader picture of the sky, the sea and the atmospheric conditions”.
主干主语：The Time to Act study；谓语：found；宾语：that 引导的宾语从句
结构which 非限制性定语从句修饰 study。found that 后为宾语从句，其内 while 引导对比状语从句：前半 control pupils relied on…，后半 target pupils were…。such as 举例；方括号 [giving] 为原文编辑插入。
译文本周由皇家莎士比亚剧团发表的《行动时刻》研究还发现：对照组学生依赖“荒岛俗套”（如棕榈树），而实验组学生则“更为开阔，描绘出天空、大海和天气状况的更广阔画面”。
考点which 非限制性定语从句 · while 对比状语从句嵌在 that 宾语从句中
4O’Hanlon said more research would be needed but suggested that Shakespeare’s use of 20,000 words, compared with the everyday 2,000 words, gave a “massive expansion of language into children’s lives”, which was combined with children “using their whole bodies to bring words to life”.
主干主语：O’Hanlon；谓语：said…but suggested；宾语：that 从句（gave a massive expansion）
结构said 与 suggested 并列，后者接 that 宾语从句。从句主语 Shakespeare’s use of 20,000 words，插入 compared with… 作比较状语；gave 为谓语。which 非限制性定语从句修饰整个“词汇扩张”这件事，再接 with 复合结构 children using…。
译文奥汉伦说还需要更多研究，但她指出：莎士比亚使用约两万词汇（日常用语仅约两千），给儿童生活带来了“语言的巨大扩展”，而这又与孩子们“用全身把词语演活”结合在一起。
考点said…but suggested 并列谓语 · which 修饰前面整个名词性内容；compared with 插入比较