2025 考研英语一 · Section I Use of English

5 句长难句逐句拆解。不认识的词可以直接选中查询。

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1Located in the southern Peloponnesian peninsula, Pavlopetri (the modern name of the site) emerged as a Neolithic settlement around 3500 B.C.

主干主语:Pavlopetri;谓语:emerged;表语/补足:as a Neolithic settlement

结构句首 Located in... 为过去分词短语作地点状语,修饰主语 Pavlopetri。括号内 the modern name of the site 为同位语,解释专有地名。emerge as 后接身份/性质。时间状语 around 3500 B.C. 置于句末。整体为“分词状语 + 主语(含插入同位语)+ 系动词性谓语 + as 短语”的书面开篇句式。

译文帕夫洛佩特里(该遗址的今称)位于伯罗奔尼撒半岛南部,约公元前3500年作为新石器时代聚落兴起。

考点句首过去分词短语作状语,逻辑主语须与主句主语一致 · 括号/破折号类插入成分作同位语解释专名

2In 1967, a scientific survey of the Peloponnesian coast was __8__ data to analyze changes in sea levels __9__ British oceanographer Nicholas Flemming first spotted the sunken __10__.

主干主语:a scientific survey;谓语:was __8__(被动);宾语:data;后半:Nicholas Flemming first spotted the sunken __10__

结构时间状语 In 1967 置首。主句为被动结构,of the Peloponnesian coast 修饰 survey;不定式 to analyze... 作目的状语。空9处常为 when/while 等,引出时间状语从句,从句主语为 British oceanographer Nicholas Flemming(头衔+专名),谓语 spotted。整句把“调查收集数据”与“弗莱明发现沉城”用时间关系叠合,易误判从句边界。

译文1967年,一项针对伯罗奔尼撒海岸的科学调查正在收集数据,以分析海平面变化,就在此时英国海洋学家尼古拉斯·弗莱明首次发现了这处沉没遗址。

考点被动 + 不定式目的状语的层次 · 时间从句与主句事件同时发生,注意空处连词与从句完整主谓

3__12__ the exciting initial finds, the site would lie __13__ for decades before archaeologists would return.

主干主语:the site;谓语:would lie;状语:for decades;时间从句:before archaeologists would return

结构句首空12多为 Despite/In spite of 等介词,后接名词短语 the exciting initial finds,构成让步状语。主句用 would lie 表过去将来的持续状态;before 引导时间状语从句,从句亦用 would return,与主句形成“先沉寂、后重返”的时间对照。lie 后空13常为 dormant/undisturbed 一类表语形容词。

译文尽管最初的发现令人振奋,该遗址仍将沉寂数十年,直到考古学家再度归来。

考点介词+名词构成让步,勿当成完整从句 · would + 动词原形表示从过去某时看的将来持续

4Covering about two and a half acres, Pavlopetri’s three main roads __18__ some 50 rectangular buildings, all of which had open courtyards.

主干主语:Pavlopetri’s three main roads;谓语:__18__(连接/通向类动词);宾语:some 50 rectangular buildings

结构句首 Covering... 为现在分词短语,逻辑上说明整个遗址面积,修饰后续主句所描述的城区。主谓宾之后 all of which 引导非限制性定语从句,which 指代 buildings,had open courtyards 补充特征。some 表示大约。分词与定语从句叠加,易把 covering 误当成 roads 发出的动作。

译文帕夫洛佩特里占地约两英亩半,三条主干道连接着大约五十座矩形建筑,这些建筑都带有开放式庭院。

考点句首现在分词的逻辑主语是整座城址而非 roads · all of which 非限制性定语从句,which 指代复数先行词 buildings

5Excavations revealed a large number of Minoan-style loom weights, __19__ Pavlopetri was a thriving trade center with a __20__ textile industry.

主干主语:Excavations;谓语:revealed;宾语:a large number of Minoan-style loom weights;后半:Pavlopetri was a thriving trade center

结构前半为简单主谓宾。空19处多为 suggesting/indicating that 或逗号后的分词,引出对发现的推断,后接完整主系表从句。with a __20__ textile industry 为介词短语修饰 trade center。Minoan-style 为复合形容词修饰 loom weights。考点在“实物发现 → 推断城市性质”的衔接手段。

译文发掘出土了大量米诺斯风格的织机坠,表明帕夫洛佩特里曾是繁荣的贸易中心,拥有发达的纺织业。

考点分词/that 从句表示“发现所暗示的结论” · with 短语作后置定语修饰中心名词 center