1Among the annoying challenges facing the middle class is one that will probably go unmentioned in the next presidential campaign: What happens when the robots come for their jobs?
主干主语：one（后接定语从句）；谓语：is；表语：among the annoying challenges（完全倒装）
结构完全倒装：表语介词短语 Among… 提前，真正主语是 one。facing the middle class 为现在分词短语修饰 challenges。that will probably go unmentioned… 为定语从句修饰 one。冒号后的问句是对该 one 的同位说明。when the robots come for their jobs 为时间状语从句。
译文中产阶级面临的诸多恼人挑战中，有一项很可能在下一届总统竞选中无人提及：机器人来抢他们的饭碗时，会发生什么？
考点表语提前的完全倒装，真正主语在谓语之后 · 冒号后问句作同位语，具体点出“那一项挑战”
2About half of U.S. jobs are at high risk of being automated, according to a University of Oxford study, with the middle class disproportionately squeezed.
主干主语：about half of U.S. jobs；谓语：are；表语：at high risk of being automated
结构according to… 为插入的来源状语。with the middle class disproportionately squeezed 为独立主格/with 复合结构，作伴随结果状语，squeezed 为过去分词表被动。of being automated 修饰 risk。
译文牛津大学一项研究显示，约半数美国岗位面临被自动化的高风险，中产阶级受到的挤压尤为严重。
考点with + 名词 + 过去分词 表伴随结果 · disproportionately squeezed 强调中产受冲击更大
3The Industrial Revolution didn’t go so well for Luddites whose jobs were displaced by mechanized looms, but it eventually raised living standards and created more jobs than it destroyed.
主干主语：The Industrial Revolution / it；谓语：didn’t go / raised and created；宾语：living standards / more jobs
结构but 连接转折并列。whose jobs were displaced by mechanized looms 为定语从句修饰 Luddites。后一分句中 than it destroyed 为比较状语从句，省略了 jobs。go well for sb. 表示对某人而言进展顺利。
译文工业革命对那些工作被机械化织机取代的卢德分子并不友好，但它最终提高了生活水平，创造的就业多于它摧毁的就业。
考点whose 引导定语从句，jobs 与先行词 Luddites 所属关系 · than 比较从句中的省略
4The first step, as Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee argue in The Second Machine Age, should be rethinking education and job training.
主干主语：the first step；谓语：should be；表语：rethinking education and job training
结构as…argue… 为 as 引导的方式/依据状语从句，插入主谓之间，作来源说明。表语是动名词短语 rethinking…。The Second Machine Age 为书名，作 in 的宾语。
译文正如埃里克·布林约尔松与安德鲁·麦卡菲在《第二次机器时代》中所主张的，第一步应当是重新思考教育与职业培训。
考点as 从句插入主谓之间作权威来源 · 表语为动名词，表示“应当做的事”
5Technology will improve society in ways big and small over the next few years, yet this will be little comfort to those who find their lives and careers upended by automation.
主干主语：technology / this；谓语：will improve / will be；宾语/表语：society / little comfort
结构yet 连接转折并列。in ways big and small 为后置形容词修饰 ways。who find their lives and careers upended by automation 为定语从句修饰 those；find + 宾语 + 过去分词 为复合宾语，upended 表被动结果。
译文未来几年，技术将从大大小小各方面改善社会，可这对那些生活与职业生涯被自动化颠覆的人来说，几乎算不上安慰。
考点find + 宾语 + 过去分词 表“发现某物处于被……的状态” · yet 连接的对比：社会整体受益 vs 个体被颠覆