2026 考研英语一 · Section II Reading Comprehension / Part C

5 句长难句逐句拆解。不认识的词可以直接选中查询。

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1Tracing the history of the term, we can see how the definition of scientific literacy has shifted over time, muddying the waters when it comes to determining the goals of science education.

主干主语：we；谓语：can see；宾语：how引导的从句

结构句首Tracing...为现在分词状语，表伴随。主句we can see后接how引导的宾语从句。muddying the waters为现在分词作结果状语，修饰整个主句。when it comes to...为时间状语从句，其中to后接动名词determining。

译文追溯这一术语的历史，我们可以看出科学素养的定义如何随时间推移而变化，从而在确定科学教育目标时把水搅浑。

考点现在分词作结果状语 muddying the waters　·　when it comes to 后接动名词

2A return to that version of scientific literacy, which focused more on teaching what science is and how it works and less on memorizing scientific facts, seems like something society today desperately needs.

主干主语：A return；谓语：seems like；表语：something...

结构主语A return后接介词短语to that version...。which引导非限制性定语从句修饰version，从句内more...and less...并列，teaching后接what与how两个宾语从句。主句谓语seems like，something后为省略that的定语从句society today desperately needs。

译文回归那种更侧重讲授科学是什么、如何运作，而较少死记科学事实的科学素养，似乎正是当今社会迫切需要的。

考点非限制性定语从句 which focused...　·　something后省略关系代词的定语从句

3Educators advanced the idea of having students complete detailed laboratory exercises in high schools in the belief that such work was beneficial primarily as a way to enhance logical reasoning and observational skills.

主干主语：Educators；谓语：advanced；宾语：the idea

结构of having students complete...为介词短语修饰idea，having后接宾补结构students complete。in the belief that...为原因状语，that引导同位语从句解释belief。as a way to enhance...作表语beneficial的补足说明。

译文教育工作者提出让高中生完成细致的实验练习，相信这类工作主要有助于增强逻辑推理和观察能力。

考点have sb. do 的复合宾语　·　in the belief that 同位语从句

4It wasn’t until the phrase “scientific literacy” came along in the 1940s that science had the formidable slogan it needed to command public attention and make improving science education an important national goal.

主干强调句：It wasn’t until...that...；that后主语：science；谓语：had；宾语：the formidable slogan

结构It wasn’t until...that...为强调句，强调时间状语。until后为时间从句。slogan后it needed为省略关系代词的定语从句。needed后不定式to command...and make...并列，make后接复合宾语improving science education an important national goal。

译文直到20世纪40年代“科学素养”这一说法出现，科学才拥有了它所需的有力口号，以引起公众关注，并使改进科学教育成为一项重要的国家目标。

考点It wasn’t until...that... 强调句　·　make + 宾语 + 宾补

5The intense focus on scientific literacy in the United States originally grew out of the critical role of science and technology during World War II, as well as the perceived deficiencies of American soldiers.

主干主语：The intense focus；谓语：grew out of；宾语：the critical role... as well as the perceived deficiencies

结构主语focus后on scientific literacy与in the United States为后置修饰。谓语grew out of后接并列宾语：the critical role...与the perceived deficiencies...，由as well as连接。of science and technology、during World War II分别修饰role。

译文美国对科学素养的高度关注，最初源于二战期间科学技术的关键作用，以及人们认为美军存在的不足。

考点grow out of 表示源于　·　as well as 连接并列宾语

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