2025 考研英语二 · Section II Reading Comprehension / Part A / Text 2

5 句长难句逐句拆解。不认识的词可以直接选中查询。

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1When it was established, the National Health Service (NHS) was visionary: offering highquality, timely care to meet the dominant needs of the population it served.

主干主语:the National Health Service (NHS);谓语:was;表语:visionary

结构句首 When 引导时间状语从句;主句为主系表结构。冒号后为现在分词短语 offering... 作补充说明,其中不定式 to meet... 表目的;the population 后接省略关系代词的定语从句 it served,修饰 population。

译文国家医疗服务体系(NHS)创立之初极具前瞻性:提供高质量、及时的诊疗,以满足其所服务人群当时最主要的需求。

考点冒号后分词短语对表语作具体阐释,而非另起一句 · 定语从句 it served 省略了 that/which,修饰先行词 population

2With more than 6.8 million on waitlists, healthcare is becoming increasingly inaccessible for those who cannot opt to pay for private treatment; and the cost of providing healthcare is increasingly squeezing our investment in other public services.

主干主语:healthcare / the cost of providing healthcare;谓语:is becoming / is squeezing;表语或宾语:inaccessible / our investment

结构分号连接两个并列分句。前一分句以 With 独立主格作原因状语;主句中 those 后接 who 引导的定语从句。后一分句主语为名词短语 the cost of providing healthcare,谓语 squeeze 接宾语 our investment。

译文等候名单上已有逾680万人,对无力选择自费私立医疗的人来说,医疗服务正变得越来越难以获得;而提供医疗的成本也日益挤占我们对其他公共服务的投入。

考点with + 名词 + 介词短语构成独立主格,表伴随或原因 · 分号连接语义紧密的并列分句,后句主语较长需抓准

3As demand for healthcare continues to grow, pressures on the workforce — which is already near breaking point — will only become more acute.

主干主语:pressures on the workforce;谓语:will become;表语:more acute

结构As 引导时间/原因状语从句。主句主语 pressures 后接介词短语 on the workforce;破折号之间 which 引导非限制性定语从句,修饰 workforce,属插入成分;only 强调程度。

译文随着医疗需求持续增长,本已濒临崩溃的医护队伍所承受的压力只会更加尖锐。

考点破折号插入的非限制性定语从句打断主谓,阅读时先抽出主干 · As 从句兼有“随着”的时间与因果意味

4Worse, when policies like the national obesity strategy are scrapped, taxpayers are left with the hefty price tag of treating the illnesses, like diabetes, that result.

主干主语:taxpayers;谓语:are left;宾语补足语:with the hefty price tag

结构Worse 为评注性状语。when 引导时间状语从句,从句中 like... 作 policies 的举例同位。主句为被动 leave sb. with...;illnesses 后 like diabetes 插入举例,再接 that result 定语从句修饰 illnesses。

译文更糟的是,一旦像国家肥胖战略这类政策被废弃,纳税人就得为治疗由此产生的疾病(如糖尿病)背上沉重账单。

考点leave sb. with 表示“使某人不得不承担” · that result 定语从句修饰 illnesses,result 不及物,意为“由此产生”

5What health functions should remain at the centre, and what should be given to local leaders, often responsible for services that create health, and with a much better understanding of the needs of their populations?

主干主语:what health functions / what;谓语:should remain / should be given;地点或间接宾语:at the centre / to local leaders

结构由 and 连接的两个特殊疑问句并列。后一分句 what 后省略 health functions。local leaders 后接两个并列后置修饰:形容词短语 often responsible for...(其中 that create health 为定语从句)以及 with 介词短语。

译文哪些卫生职能应留在中央,哪些又应下放给地方领导人?后者往往负责那些真正造就健康的服务,也更了解本地居民的需求。

考点并列问句中第二问省略与第一问相同的名词 · responsible for 与 with 短语并列修饰 local leaders,不是修饰 services