1All this was put at great risk late last month, when the U.S. Supreme Court issued a ruling in an Idaho case that provides the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) far less authority to regulate wetlands and waterways.
主干主语：All this；谓语：was put；状语：at great risk；时间状语从句：when the U.S. Supreme Court issued a ruling
结构主句为被动结构 All this was put at great risk。when 引导时间状语从句，从句主干为 the Court issued a ruling。in an Idaho case 作地点状语修饰 issued。that 引导定语从句修饰 a ruling，从句中 provides 的间接宾语为 EPA，直接宾语为 far less authority，不定式 to regulate... 作后置定语修饰 authority。
译文上月末，这一切被置于极大风险之中：美国最高法院就一起爱达荷州案件作出裁决，大幅削弱了美国环境保护局监管湿地与水道的权限。
考点when 引导时间状语从句，并非定语从句 · that 定语从句修饰 ruling，provide sb. sth. 结构
2Specifically, a 5-4 majority decided that wetlands protected by the EPA under its Clean Water Act authority must have a “continuous surface connection” to bodies of water.
主干主语：a 5-4 majority；谓语：decided；宾语从句：that wetlands ... must have a “continuous surface connection”
结构主句主干为 majority decided that...。that 引导宾语从句。从句主语 wetlands 后接过去分词短语 protected by the EPA 作后置定语，under its Clean Water Act authority 修饰 protected。must have 为从句谓语，a “continuous surface connection” 为宾语，to bodies of water 作后置定语。
译文具体而言，五比四的多数意见裁定：环保局依据《清洁水法》权限所保护的湿地，必须与水体存在“连续的地表连接”。
考点protected by... 过去分词短语作后置定语 · decide that 后接宾语从句，must have 表裁定要求
3It is too easy, and misleading, to see such court rulings as merely standing up for the rights of land owners when the consequences can be so dire for their neighbors.
主干形式主语：It；系动词：is；表语：too easy and misleading；真正主语：to see ... as ...
结构It is + adj. + to do 结构，and misleading 与 too easy 并列作表语。see ... as ... 中 as 后接动名词 standing up for...。when 引导时间/条件意味的状语从句，说明“把裁决仅仅看成维护地主权利”这一看法在后果严重时并不成立。merely 修饰 standing up。
译文把这类法院裁决仅仅看成是在维护土地所有者的权利，既过于轻率，也具有误导性——因为其后果对邻人可能极为严重。
考点It is + adj. + to do 形式主语 · see A as B 与 when 状语从句形成对比/让步意味
4And it’s a reminder that the EPA’s involvement in the Chesapeake Bay Program has long been crucial as the means to transcend the influence of deep-pocketed special interests in neighboring states.
主干主语：it；系动词：is；表语：a reminder；同位语从句：that the EPA’s involvement ... has long been crucial
结构it is a reminder that... 中 that 引导同位语从句，解释 reminder 的内容。从句主语为 the EPA’s involvement，in the Chesapeake Bay Program 修饰 involvement。has long been crucial 为系表结构。as the means 作状语说明“何以关键”，to transcend... 不定式作 means 的后置定语，of deep-pocketed special interests 修饰 influence。
译文这也提醒人们：环保局参与切萨皮克湾计划，长期以来至关重要，因为它是一种手段，用以超越邻州财大气粗的特殊利益集团的影响。
考点reminder that 同位语从句 · as the means to do 表“作为……的途径”
5Pennsylvania farmers, to use one telling example, aren’t thinking about next year’s blue crab harvest in Maryland when they decide whether to spread animal waste on their fields, yet the runoff into nearby creeks can have enormous impact downstream.
主干主语：Pennsylvania farmers；谓语：aren’t thinking；宾语：about next year’s blue crab harvest；并列分句：the runoff ... can have enormous impact
结构插入语 to use one telling example 打断主谓。主句 aren’t thinking about...，when 引导时间状语从句，whether to spread... 为 decide 的宾语。yet 连接转折并列句，主语 the runoff，into nearby creeks 后置定语，can have enormous impact 为谓语，downstream 作地点状语。
译文举一个很能说明问题的例子：宾夕法尼亚的农场主在决定是否把畜禽粪便撒到田里时，并不会去想明年马里兰州的蓝蟹收成，然而流入附近溪流的径流却可能对下游造成巨大影响。
考点插入语 to use one telling example · yet 连接转折并列句；whether to do 作 decide 的宾语