1The moves are the most significant change to building regulations in years, and industry experts say they will inevitably lead to higher prices at a time when a shortage of materials and high labour costs are already driving up bills.
主干主语1：The moves；谓语1：are；表语1：the most significant change；主语2：industry experts；谓语2：say；宾语2：省略that的宾语从句
结构本句为and连接的并列复合句。前一分句是主系表结构，to building regulations in years作change的后置定语。后一分句主干为industry experts say...，say后接省略that的宾语从句，从句内含at a time when...时间状语，when引导定语从句修饰a time，该从句主语为a shortage of materials and high labour costs，谓语为are driving up。
译文这些举措是多年来建筑法规最重大的变革，业内专家表示，在材料短缺和劳动力成本高企已在推高账单之际，它们将不可避免地导致价格上涨。
考点say后接省略that的宾语从句，是考研高频结构 · at a time when...中when引导定语从句而非时间状语从句，需辨清
2“Whilst admirable in their intentions, they will add to the cost of housebuilding at a time when many already feel that they are priced out of homeownership,” says Jonathan Rolande of the National Association of Property Buyers.
主干主语：they；谓语：will add to；宾语：the cost of housebuilding
结构引语部分以Whilst admirable in their intentions开头，是让步状语从句的省略形式，完整为Whilst they are admirable in their intentions，主句主语they与从句一致且含be动词，故省略。at a time when...为时间状语，when引导定语从句修饰a time，该从句中又嵌套that引导的宾语从句作feel的宾语。引语后置，says Jonathan Rolande为倒装式插入说明。
译文全国房产买家协会的乔纳森·罗兰德说：“尽管其初衷令人钦佩，但在许多人已经觉得自己被排除在购房门槛之外的时候，这些规定将增加建房成本。”
考点Whilst+形容词为让步状语从句的省略结构，相当于Although they are... · be priced out of意为“因价格过高而被挤出（市场）”，属熟词僻义考点
3“As the marketplace adapts to the new requirements, and the technologies that support them, the scaling up of these technologies will eventually bring costs down, but in the short term, we will all have to pay the price of the necessary transition,” he says.
主干主语：the scaling up of these technologies；谓语：will bring down；宾语：costs；并列分句主语：we；谓语：will have to pay；宾语：the price
结构句首As引导时间状语从句，从句中adapts to的宾语为the new requirements和the technologies两个并列成分，that support them为定语从句修饰technologies，them指代requirements。主句由but连接两个并列分句：前一分句主语为动名词短语the scaling up of these technologies；后一分句中in the short term为时间状语。
译文他说：“随着市场逐渐适应新要求以及支持这些要求的技术，这些技术的规模化应用最终会降低成本，但短期内，我们都将不得不为这一必要的转型付出代价。”
考点adapt to后接两个并列宾语，注意第二个宾语带that定语从句，易被误读 · pay the price字面为“付价格”，此处引申为“付出代价”，注意语境化翻译
4Any plans submitted before that date are considered to be under the previous rules, and can go ahead as long as work starts before 15 June next year.
主干主语：Any plans；谓语1：are considered；谓语2：can go ahead
结构本句为and连接的并列谓语结构，共用一个主语Any plans。submitted before that date为过去分词短语作后置定语修饰plans。第一谓语are considered to be...为被动语态接不定式主语补足语；第二谓语can go ahead后接as long as引导的条件状语从句，从句主语为work，谓语为starts。
译文在该日期之前提交的任何方案都被视为适用此前的规定，只要工程在明年6月15日之前开工，就可以继续推进。
考点过去分词submitted作后置定语，相当于定语从句which were submitted · as long as引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”，是高频考点
5“Homeowners will probably recoup that cost over time in energy bill savings. It will obviously be very volatile at the moment, but they will have that benefit over time.”
主干主语1：Homeowners；谓语1：will recoup；宾语1：that cost；主语2：It；谓语2：will be；表语2：volatile；主语3：they；谓语3：will have；宾语3：that benefit
结构引语含两个句子。第一句为主谓宾结构，over time和in energy bill savings均为介词短语作状语。第二句由but连接两个并列分句：前一分句为主系表结构，at the moment为时间状语；后一分句为主谓宾结构，over time为时间状语。It指代能源价格或市场行情，需结合语境理解。
译文“随着时间推移，房主很可能会通过节省的能源账单收回那笔成本。眼下行情显然会波动很大，但长期来看他们会获得那份收益。”
考点recoup意为“收回（成本）、挽回（损失）”，属考研核心动词 · over time与at the moment形成时间对比，翻译时需体现“长期”与“眼下”的呼应