1Getting back into exercise can be a challenge in the best of times, but with gyms and in-person exercise classes off-limits to many people these days, it can be tricky to know where to start.
主干主语:Getting back into exercise(动名词短语);谓语:can be;表语:a challenge;后半句主语:it;谓语:can be;表语:tricky
结构but 连接两个并列分句。前一分句主语为动名词短语 Getting back into exercise,in the best of times 为介词短语作状语;后一分句以 with 复合结构(with+宾语+形容词 off-limits 作宾补)作原因状语,主干 it can be tricky to know... 中 it 为形式主语,真正主语是不定式 to know where to start,其中 where to start 为疑问词加不定式作 know 的宾语。
译文即使在最好的情况下,重新开始锻炼也并非易事;而如今健身房和线下健身课程对许多人关闭,要知道从何入手就更难了。
考点with 复合结构 with + 宾语 + 形容词作状语,表原因 · it 作形式主语,不定式短语作真正主语;疑问词 + 不定式(where to start)作宾语
2If you were walking 3 miles a day, playing 18 holes of golf three times a week, or lifting 10-pound dumbbells for three sets of 10 reps, reduce activity to half a mile every other day, or nine holes of golf once a week with short walks on other days, or use 5-pound dumbbells for one set of 10 reps.
主干主句为祈使句:谓语 reduce / use(省略主语 you);宾语:activity / (use) 5-pound dumbbells
结构If 引导条件状语从句,内含 walking、playing、lifting 三个并列的过去进行时谓语;主句为祈使句,由 or 连接 reduce... or use... 两个并列谓语,其中 reduce 的宾语补足部分又含三个并列的减量方案(half a mile... / nine holes... / 5-pound dumbbells...),with short walks on other days 为介词短语作伴随状语。整体结构为「条件从句三并列 + 主句多方案并列」,层次多易读乱。
译文如果你以前每天走3英里、每周打三次18洞高尔夫,或用10磅哑铃做三组每组10次,那么现在就减半:每隔一天走半英里,或每周打一次9洞、其余几天短途散步,或改用5磅哑铃只做一组10次。
考点条件状语从句中三个并列的过去进行时,表示中断前的习惯 · 祈使句中 or 连接多个并列方案,注意 every other day(每隔一天)等频率表达
3This isn't something you can do overnight, says Keri L. Denay, MD, lead author of a recent American College of Sports Medicine advisory that encourages Americans to not overlook the benefits of activity during the pandemic.
主干主句(倒装引语):主语 Keri L. Denay;谓语 says;宾语(直接引语):This isn't something
结构直接引语前置,主句 says Keri L. Denay 为倒装结构。引语中 you can do overnight 为省略关系代词的定语从句,修饰 something;MD 后 lead author of... 为同位语,进一步说明 Denay 的身份;同位语内 that encourages Americans to not overlook... 为定语从句修饰 advisory,其中 to not overlook 为分裂不定式。
译文「这不是一夜之间就能做到的事,」医学博士 Keri L. Denay 说。她是美国运动医学会最近一份建议书的主要作者,该建议书鼓励美国人在疫情期间不要忽视运动的益处。
考点直接引语前置导致主谓倒装(says Keri L. Denay) · 分裂不定式 to not overlook,否定词 not 置于 to 与动词之间
4Although it can be a workout on its own, if your goal is to get back to Zumba classes, tennis, cycling, or any other activity, walking is also a great first step.
主干主语:walking;谓语:is;表语:a great first step
结构Although 引导让步状语从句,其中 it 指代 walking,on its own 意为「本身、单独」;主句 walking is also a great first step 之前又嵌入 if 引导的条件状语从句,其表语为不定式短语 to get back to...。全句为「让步从句 + 条件从句 + 主句」三层嵌套,两个从句连续出现在主句之前,易造成主干定位困难。
译文尽管散步本身就可以算是一种锻炼,但如果你的目标是重新回归尊巴课、网球、骑行或其他任何运动,散步也是一个很好的起点。
考点让步状语从句与条件状语从句叠加,先译从句再出主干 · on its own 表示「凭自身、独立地」,it 回指上文 walking
5The action will remind you of the joy the activity brought you and prime your muscles for when you can get out there again.
主干主语:The action;谓语:will remind... and prime...(并列谓语);宾语:you / your muscles
结构主语 The action 后接两个并列谓语 will remind 和 (will) prime。remind sb. of sth. 结构中,the joy 后接省略关系代词的定语从句 the activity brought you;prime... for 后接 when 引导的宾语从句 when you can get out there again,作介词 for 的宾语,属「介词 + 疑问词从句」结构。
译文这些动作会让你想起这项运动曾带给你的快乐,并让你的肌肉为日后重返运动场做好准备。
考点remind sb. of sth. 与 prime sth. for sth. 两个并列谓语共用一个主语 · 介词 for 后接 when 引导的宾语从句;定语从句 the activity brought you 省略关系代词 that/which