1It is against that background that the information commissioner, Elizabeth Denham, has issued her damning verdict against the Royal Free hospital trust under the NHS, which handed over to DeepMind the records of 1.6 million patients in 2015 on the basis of a vague agreement which took far too little account of the patients’ rights and their expectations of privacy.
主干主语：the information commissioner；谓语：has issued；宾语：her damning verdict
结构强调句 It is ... that ...，被强调部分为 against that background。主句后接同位语 Elizabeth Denham。which 引导非限制性定语从句修饰 trust，其中含时间状语 in 2015 和介词短语 on the basis of ...；其后又套 which 定语从句修饰 agreement。
译文正是在这一背景下，信息专员伊丽莎白·德纳姆对国民保健署下属的皇家自由医院信托作出了严厉裁决：该信托依据一份含糊协议，于2015年将160万名患者的病历交给了DeepMind，而该协议对患者权利及其隐私预期考虑得远远不够。
考点强调句 It is against that background that ... 突出语境 · which 定语从句层层嵌套，注意修饰对象是 trust 还是 agreement
2Further arrangements – and there may be many – between the NHS and DeepMind will be carefully scrutinised to ensure that all necessary permissions have been asked of patients and all unnecessary data has been cleaned.
主干主语：Further arrangements；谓语：will be scrutinised
结构破折号插入 and there may be many 补充说明。between ... 介词短语后置修饰 arrangements。不定式 to ensure 作目的状语，后接 that 宾语从句，从句内由 and 连接两个被动结构。
译文国民保健署与DeepMind之间今后的合作安排——而且可能还会有很多——将受到仔细审查，以确保已向患者征求一切必要许可，并已清除所有不必要的数据。
考点破折号插入语打断主谓，阅读时先抓主干 · ask of 与 have been cleaned 两个并列被动
3But this distinction misses the point that it is processing and aggregation, not the mere possession of bits, that gives the data value.
主干主语：this distinction；谓语：misses；宾语：the point
结构that 引导同位语从句解释 point。从句内部又是强调句 it is A, not B, that ...，强调 processing and aggregation，否定 mere possession of bits。gives 的主语是被强调部分。
译文但这种区分没有抓住要点：赋予数据价值的，是处理与聚合，而不仅仅是对比特的占有。
考点miss the point that 后接同位语从句 · 强调句中 not 引出被排除项
4What matters is that they will belong to a private monopoly which developed them using public resources.
主干主语：What matters；谓语：is；表语：that 从句
结构What matters 为主语从句。that 表语从句中 they 指 algorithms。which 限制性定语从句修饰 monopoly，using public resources 为现在分词作方式状语。
译文关键在于，这些算法将归一家私人垄断企业所有，而该企业是利用公共资源开发出它们的。
考点What matters is that ... 表语从句点明真正关键 · which 从句中 using 分词短语表手段
5If software promises to save lives on the scale that drugs now can, big data may be expected to behave as a big pharma has done.
主干主语：big data；谓语：may be expected；补语：to behave
结构If 条件状语从句，on the scale that ... 为定语从句修饰 scale，that 后省略 save lives。主句被动 may be expected to，as 引导方式状语从句，a big pharma 前省略 like。
译文如果软件有望像如今药物那样大规模拯救生命，那么大数据就可能被预期会像大型制药业那样行事。
考点on the scale that 比较级省略，需补出 save lives · as a big pharma has done 方式比较