1First two hours, now three hours – this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight, at least at some major U.S. airports with increasingly massive security lines.
主干主语：this；谓语：is；表语：how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up...
结构破折号前为同位说明时间变化；主句为“this is + how 引导的表语从句”。从句中 authorities 作主语，are recommending 后接省略 to 的复合宾语 people show up；to catch... 为目的状语；at least... 为地点状语，with... lines 为 airports 的后置定语。
译文原先提前两小时，如今变成三小时——至少在美国一些安检队伍越来越长的主要机场，当局正建议乘客提前这么久到达，以便赶上国内航班。
考点how far in advance 在表语从句中作状语，修饰 recommend 的内容 · recommend sb (to) do 中不定式可省略 to
2Last year, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons – both fake and real – past airport security nearly every time they tried.
主干主语：the TSA；谓语：found；宾语：that 引导的从句
结构in a secret check 为地点状语。that 宾语从句中，undercover investigators 为主语，were able to sneak... 为谓语；破折号插入 both fake and real 补充 weapons；past airport security 为 sneak 的路径状语；nearly every time they tried 为时间状语从句。
译文去年，运输安全管理局（TSA）在一次秘密检查中发现，便衣调查员几乎每次尝试都能把武器——无论假的还是真的——偷偷带过机场安检。
考点sneak sth past... 表示“把某物偷偷带过” · every time 可直接引导时间状语从句
3Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving economy and low oil prices, have resulted in long waits at major airports such as Chicago’s O’Hare International.
主干主语：Enhanced security measures；谓语：have resulted in；宾语：long waits
结构since then 修饰 measures。combined with... 为过去分词短语作主语的伴随/附加修饰，其中 due to... 说明 rise 的原因。resulted in 后接结果宾语 long waits，at major airports... 为地点状语，such as 举例。
译文此后加强的安检措施，再加上经济好转和油价走低带来的航空出行增加，已导致芝加哥奥黑尔国际机场等主要机场出现长时间排队。
考点combined with 连接并列因素，谓语仍与第一个主语保持复数一致 · result in 后接名词性结果
4There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck program.
主干主语：one step；谓语：is（there be）；后接定语从句与冒号后的具体内容
结构there be 存在句。the TSA could take 为省略关系词的定语从句修饰 step；that would not require... 为第二个定语从句，or 连接两个动名词宾语 remodeling / rushing。冒号后 Enroll... 以祈使形式对 step 作同位说明。
译文有一个步骤 TSA 可以采取，既不必改建机场，也不必匆忙招人：让更多人加入预检计划。
考点双重定语从句叠修饰同一先行词 step · 冒号后用动词原形对抽象 step 作具体阐释
5The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines.
主干主语：The TSA；谓语：cannot continue diverting；宾语：resources
结构continue + doing 表示持续行为；into... lanes 为 divert 的方向状语。while 引导时间/对比状语从句，most of the traveling public 为主语，suffers 为谓语，in unnecessary lines 为地点状语。
译文TSA 不能一边把资源继续投向利用率不足的预检通道，一边让大多数旅客在不必要的队伍里受苦。
考点while 此处表对比而非单纯同时 · divert A into B 表示把资源转入某处