1What makes the problem thornier is that the usual time-management techniques don’t seem sufficient.
主干主语:What makes the problem thornier;谓语:is;表语:that 从句
结构主语为 what 引导的名词性从句(what 在从句中作主语)。系动词 is 后接 that 引导的表语从句,说明“更棘手”的具体内容。thornier 为比较级,与前文“没时间读书”的抱怨形成递进。don’t seem sufficient 为表语从句的谓语部分。
译文让这个问题更棘手的是,常见的时间管理技巧似乎并不够用。
考点what 引导主语从句时,what 本身在从句中充当成分 · that 表语从句解释主语所指的情况
2Thinking of time as a resource to be maximised means you approach it instrumentally, judging any given moment as well spent only in so far as it advances progress toward some goal.
主干主语:Thinking of time as a resource to be maximised;谓语:means;宾语:you approach it instrumentally
结构动名词短语作主语,其中 to be maximised 为后置定语修饰 resource。means 后接省略 that 的宾语从句。judging... 为现在分词作伴随状语,修饰 approach。only in so far as 引导条件/程度状语从句,说明“花得值”的判定标准。
译文把时间当成有待最大化的资源,意味着你只会工具性地对待它:某一刻是否花得值,全看它是否推动了某个目标的进展。
考点动名词短语作主语,谓语用单数 · in so far as 表示“在……的限度内/只要”
3Immersive reading, by contrast, depends on being willing to risk inefficiency, goallessness, even time-wasting.
主干主语:Immersive reading;谓语:depends on;宾语:being willing to risk...
结构by contrast 为插入状语,与上句“工具性利用时间”对照。depends on 后接动名词 being willing。to risk 后并列三个名词 inefficiency, goallessness, time-wasting,even 加强语气。结构紧凑,考点在介词后的动名词及并列名词。
译文沉浸式阅读则相反,取决于你是否愿意承担低效、无目标、甚至浪费时间的风险。
考点depend on 后接动名词 · even 连接并列名词,表示递进
4“The future comes at us like empty bottles along an unstoppable and nearly infinite conveyor belt,” writes Gary Eberle in his book Sacred Time, and “we feel a pressure to fill these different-sized bottles (days, hours, minutes) as they pass, for if they get by without being filled, we will have wasted them.”
主干主语:Gary Eberle;谓语:writes;宾语:两处直接引语(由 and 连接)
结构引语前置、作者与出处插入的倒装引用结构。and 连接两段引语。第二段中 as they pass 为时间状语从句;for 引导原因分句,内含 if 条件句;without being filled 为介词+动名词被动,作条件状语。括号为同位说明 bottles 的所指。
译文加里·埃伯勒在《神圣的时间》中写道:“未来像空瓶子一样,沿着一条停不下来、几乎无穷无尽的传送带朝我们涌来;我们感到必须把这些大小不一的瓶子(日、时、分)在经过时填满,因为一旦空着溜走,就算浪费了。”
考点引用语前置时主谓常倒装:writes Gary Eberle · for 引导原因分句,内部再套 if 条件句
5“Carry a book with you at all times” can actually work, too – providing you dip in often enough, so that reading becomes the default state from which you temporarily surface to take care of business, before dropping back down.
主干主语:“Carry a book...”;谓语:can work;条件:providing...
结构引语作主语。破折号后 providing (=provided that) 引导条件状语从句。so that 引导结果状语从句;from which 为定语从句修饰 default state;to take care of business 为目的状语;before dropping back down 为时间状语,与 surface 相对。层次多,易漏掉修饰链。
译文“随时带本书”其实也能奏效——前提是你经常翻开,让阅读成为默认状态:你只是暂时浮上来办事,随后再沉回去。
考点providing (that) 引导条件从句,相当于 provided that · from which 定语从句 + before 分词短语构成连续动作链