1The researchers wanted to know if the __4__ and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would __5__ the way companies invested.
主干主语：The researchers；谓语：wanted to know；宾语：if 引导的从句（其中主语为 the __4__ and inclination，谓语为 would __5__，宾语为 the way）
结构主句后接 if 引导的宾语从句。从句主语由 and 连接两个名词，后接定语从句 that come with happiness 修饰该并列主语。would __5__ 为从句谓语，the way companies invested 为省略了 in which 的定语从句修饰 the way。整体考查宾语从句嵌套定语从句。
译文研究者想弄清：伴随幸福感而来的那种（特质）以及冒险倾向，会不会改变公司的投资方式。
考点if 引导宾语从句，表“是否”而非条件 · that come with happiness 修饰并列主语，注意主谓一致用复数 come
2To find out, the researchers controlled for various __10__ that might make firms more likely to invest – like size, industry, and sales – and for indicators that a place was __11__ to live in, like growth in wages or population.
主干主语：the researchers；谓语：controlled for；宾语：various __10__ 以及 indicators
结构句首不定式 To find out 作目的状语。谓语 controlled for 后接两个并列宾语，由 and 连接。第一个宾语后有 that 定语从句及破折号插入举例；第二个宾语 indicators 后接 that 同位语从句（a place was __11__ to live in），再接 like 举例。结构长、并列层次多。
译文为了弄清这一点，研究者控制了各种可能促使公司更愿投资的（因素）——如规模、行业和销售额——以及表明某地宜居的指标，如工资或人口增长。
考点control for 表示“控制（变量）”，后接名词 · 破折号插入举例，不影响谓语与两个 for 宾语的并列
3The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms, which the authors __13__ to “less codified decision making process” and the possible presence of “younger and less __14__ managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment.”
主干主语：The correlation；谓语：was；表语：particularly strong
结构主句后接 which 非限制性定语从句，先行词为 younger firms（或整个主句现象，依完形填空常考 attribute...to）。which 在从句中作宾语。to 后接 and 连接的两个名词短语；第二个短语中嵌套 who 定语从句修饰 managers。引号内为术语性同位说明。
译文幸福感与投资之间的关联在较年轻的公司中尤为明显，作者将此归因于“决策程序不那么程式化”，以及可能存在“更年轻、经验更少、因而更容易受情绪影响的管理者”。
考点attribute A to B 结构常出现在 which...to 中 · who 从句修饰 managers，不是修饰 presence
4__17__ this doesn’t prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-term view, the authors believe it at least __18__ at that possibility.
主干主语：the authors；谓语：believe；宾语：it at least __18__ at that possibility（前有让步状语从句）
结构句首为让步状语从句（完形常填 Although/While），this doesn’t prove 后接 that 宾语从句，从句谓语 causes 后接 firms 再接并列不定式 to invest more or to take...。主句 believe 后为宾语从句省略 that，it 指代前述关联，__18__ at 为固定搭配（如 hints）。
译文尽管这并不能证明幸福感会促使公司加大投资或采取更长远的眼光，但作者认为，它至少暗示了这种可能性。
考点让步从句 + 主句，注意并不构成因果证明 · hint/point at that possibility 一类搭配
5But is it really happiness that’s linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities __9__ why firms there spend more on R&D?
主干选择疑问：前半强调句 it is happiness that...；后半主语 something else，谓语 could __9__，宾语为 why 从句
结构由 or 连接的选择疑问。前半为强调句 It is...that... 的疑问形式，强调 happiness。后半情态 could 提前构成疑问，something else about happier cities 为主语，why 引导宾语从句。考查强调句识别与并列疑问。
译文但真的是幸福感与投资相关，还是幸福城市的其他某种特点，可以解释那里的公司为何在研发上投入更多？
考点强调句 It is...that... 的一般疑问形式 · why 从句作 explain 一类动词的宾语