1That whispered message, half invitation and half forcing, is what most of us think of when we hear the words peer pressure.
主干主语：That whispered message；谓语：is；表语：what most of us think of when we hear the words peer pressure
结构主语是同位语从句“That whispered message, half invitation and half forcing”，表语是宾语从句“what most of us think of when we hear the words peer pressure”，其中包含时间状语从句“when we hear the words peer pressure”。这是一个复合句，结构复杂，容易误解同位语的范围和宾语从句的引导词。句子中“half invitation and half forcing”是插入成分，解释主语，增加了理解难度。
译文那句低语的话语——一半是邀请，一半是强迫——就是我们听到‘同辈压力’这个词时想到的东西。
考点同位语从句作主语 · 插入成分解释同位语
2“Dare to be different, please don't smoke!” pleads one billboard campaign aimed at reducing smoking among teenagers – teenagers, who desire nothing more than fitting in.
主干主语：one billboard campaign；谓语：pleads；宾语：“Dare to be different, please don't smoke!”
结构主语是“one billboard campaign”，后面有“aimed at reducing smoking among teenagers”作后置定语，“teenagers, who desire nothing more than fitting in”作同位语，解释“teenagers”，其中“who desire nothing more than fitting in”是定语从句修饰“teenagers”。这是一个复合句，包含后置定语、同位语和定语从句，结构复杂，容易误解同位语的范围。
译文“要与众不同，请不要吸烟！”这是针对减少青少年吸烟的一个广告牌的呼声——青少年们最想要的就是融入群体。
考点同位语 · 定语从句修饰同位语
3Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers, so skilled at applying peer pressure.
主干主语：Rosenberg；谓语：argues；宾语从句：that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers
结构主句是“Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers”，其中“so skilled at applying peer pressure”是插入成分，解释“advertisers”。这是一个复合句，主句与宾语从句并列，插入成分增加了句子复杂度，容易误解插入成分的作用。
译文Rosenberg 令人信服地论证了公共卫生倡导者应该从善于运用同辈压力的广告商那里汲取经验。
考点that 宾语从句 · 插入成分解释先行词
4Far less certain, however, is how successfully experts and bureaucrats can select our peer groups and steer their activities in virtuous directions.
主干主语：how successfully experts and bureaucrats can select our peer groups and steer their activities in virtuous directions；谓语：is；表语：Far less certain
结构这是一个倒装句，表语从句“how successfully experts and bureaucrats can select our peer groups and steer their activities in virtuous directions”作主语，“however”是插入成分。句子结构复杂，包含不定式作宾语和动词不定式短语作主语，容易误解倒装句的用法。
译文然而，专家和官僚们能否成功地选择我们的同辈群体并引导他们的活动向善方向，仍然缺乏把握。
考点倒装句 · 不定式作宾语
5And that's the problem with a social cure engineered from the outside: in the real world, as in school, we insist on choosing our own friends.
主干主语：that's the problem；谓语：is；表语：with a social cure engineered from the outside
结构主句是“that's the problem with a social cure engineered from the outside”，后面是冒号解释说明，冒号后“in the real world, as in school”是比较状语从句，解释问题所在。这是一个复合句，包含冒号解释和比较状语从句，结构复杂，容易误解冒号的作用。
译文这就是外部推动的社会疗法的问题：在现实世界中，就像在学校里一样，我们坚持选择自己的朋友。
考点冒号解释 · 比较状语从句