2024 考研英语一 · Section II Reading Comprehension / Part C

5 句长难句逐句拆解。不认识的词可以直接选中查询。

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1They sometimes travel more than sixty miles to find food or water, and are very good at working out where other elephants are-even when they are out of sight.

主干主语：They；谓语：travel / are；宾语/表语：more than sixty miles / very good at working out...

结构并列谓语：travel...and are very good at...。不定式to find food or water作目的状语。working out后接where引导的宾语从句。破折号后even when引导让步时间状语从句，补充说明“看不见时仍能判断位置”。

译文它们有时会跋涉六十多英里去寻找食物或水源，而且非常擅长判断其他大象的位置——即便那些大象并不在视线之内。

考点be good at + 动名词；where引导宾语从句　·　even when引导让步状语从句

2The researchers are convinced that the elephants always know precisely where they are in relation to all the resources the need. and can therefore take shortcuts, as well as following familiar routes.

主干主语：The researchers；谓语：are convinced；宾语：that从句（elephants know...and can take...）

结构be convinced that后接宾语从句。从句中know precisely where...为where宾语从句；in relation to介词短语作状语。the need为定语从句省略关系词（resources they need）。and can therefore与know并列。as well as following为介词短语，表“除熟悉路线外还能抄近路”。

译文研究人员确信，大象总能精确知道自己相对于所需全部资源的位置，因而既能走熟路，也能抄近路。

考点be convinced that + 宾语从句　·　as well as + 动名词；in relation to

3One possibility was that they merely used their eyes and tried out the plants they found, but that would probably result in a lot of wasted time and energy, not least because their eyesight is actually not very good.

主干主语：One possibility；谓语：was；表语：that从句；后半：that would result in...

结构表语从句that they merely used...and tried out...。plants后they found为省略关系代词的定语从句。but连接转折，that指代前述做法。not least because引导原因状语从句，强调“尤其因为视力其实并不好”。

译文一种可能是它们只靠眼睛，碰到什么植物就试吃，但这很可能会浪费大量时间和精力，尤其因为它们的视力其实并不好。

考点表语从句；not least because强调原因　·　try out；result in

4The volatile chemicals produced by plants can be carried a long way, and they are very characteristic: Each plant or tree has its own particular odor signature.

主干主语：The volatile chemicals / they / Each plant or tree；谓语：can be carried / are / has；宾语：a long way / characteristic / odor signature

结构produced by plants为过去分词短语作后置定语。and连接并列分句。冒号后句子解释characteristic，Each...has...说明每种植物都有独特气味签名。

译文植物释放的挥发性化学物质可以传播很远，而且极具辨识度：每一种植物或树木都有自己独特的气味“签名”。

考点过去分词作后置定语　·　冒号后解释说明

5The experiment showed that elephants may well use smell to identify patches of trees that are good to eat.

主干主语：The experiment；谓语：showed；宾语：that从句（elephants may well use smell...）

结构showed后接that宾语从句。may well表“很可能”。不定式to identify作目的状语。patches of trees后that are good to eat为定语从句，修饰patches。

译文实验表明，大象很可能利用嗅觉来识别那些适合食用的树丛。

考点may well表示很可能　·　that定语从句修饰patches of trees

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