1The idea that plants have some degree of consciousness first took root in the early 2000s; the term “plant neurobiology” was __1__ around the notion that some aspects of plant behavior could be __2__ to intelligence in animals.
主干主语：The idea；谓语：took root；后半分句主语：the term “plant neurobiology”；谓语：was __1__；介词短语：around the notion
结构分号连接两个并列分句。前句主语idea后接that引导的同位语从句说明idea内容。后句被动结构was __1__ around the notion，notion后又接that引导的同位语从句；从句中could be __2__ to为固定搭配，说明植物行为与动物智力的类比关系。插入的引号术语作后句主语。
译文植物具有某种程度意识这一想法最早在21世纪初扎根；“植物神经生物学”这一术语是围绕这样一种观念提出的：植物行为的某些方面可以类比为动物的智力。
考点idea/notion后接that同位语从句是考研高频结构 · be analogous/comparable to 一类搭配常考“类比、相当于”
2__3__ plants lack brains, the firing of electrical signals in their stems and leaves nonetheless triggered responses that __4__ consciousness, researchers previously reported.
主干主语：the firing of electrical signals；谓语：triggered；宾语：responses；主句外层：researchers previously reported
结构句首__3__引导让步状语从句（plants lack brains）。主句主语为the firing…，nonetheless为让步副词。responses后接that定语从句修饰responses。句末researchers previously reported为倒装式的报道性主句，前面整段为其所报告的内容（宾语从句省略that）。
译文尽管植物没有大脑，但其茎叶中电信号的发放仍会触发那些暗示意识的反应，研究人员此前曾这样报告。
考点让步状语从句（Although/While）与nonetheless呼应 · 报道动词后置、前面整句作其宾语是真题常见写法
3Plant biology is complex and fascinating, but it __5__ so greatly from that of animals that so-called __6__ of plants' intelligence is inconclusive, the authors wrote.
主干主语：it（plant biology）；谓语：__5__ so greatly from；结果：that…is inconclusive
结构but连接转折。so…that结果状语从句：so greatly from that of animals中that指代biology，避免重复。that从句主语为so-called __6__ of plants' intelligence。句末the authors wrote为报道性主句，前面为间接引语。
译文植物生物学复杂而迷人，但它与动物生物学差异极大，因此所谓植物具有智力的说法并不能令人信服，作者们写道。
考点so…that结果状语从句 · that of 替代前文不可数/抽象名词避免重复
4Beginning in 2006, some scientists have __7__ that plants possess neuron-like cells that interact with hormones and neurotransmitters, __8__ “a plant nervous system, __9__ to that in animals,” said lead study author Lincoln Taiz.
主干主语：some scientists；谓语：have __7__；宾语从句：that plants possess…；引述：said lead study author Lincoln Taiz
结构句首现在分词短语Beginning in 2006作时间状语。have __7__后接that宾语从句。cells后接that定语从句。逗号后__8__为分词或介词结构，引出引语“a plant nervous system”，其中__9__ to that in animals为后置定语，that指nervous system。句末倒装said lead study author…标明说话人。
译文自2006年起，一些科学家主张植物拥有与激素和神经递质相互作用的类神经元细胞，从而形成“一套类似于动物的植物神经系统”，主要研究作者林肯·泰兹说。
考点现在分词短语作时间状语 · 引语中comparable/analogous to that in…的指代与后置修饰
5Plants can't run away from __18__, so investing energy in a body system which __19__ a threat and can feel pain would be a very __20__ evolutionary strategy, according to the article.
主干主语：investing energy in a body system；谓语：would be；表语：a very __20__ evolutionary strategy
结构前句为简单句。so连接因果。后句动名词短语investing energy…作主语；which引导定语从句修饰body system，从句含并列谓语__19__ a threat and can feel pain。according to the article为句末状语，标明观点来源。
译文植物无法逃离威胁，因此把能量投入一套能察觉威胁并能感受疼痛的身体系统，会是一种非常不划算的进化策略，文章如是认为。
考点动名词短语作主语 + would be表虚拟/评价 · which定语从句中并列谓语的识别