1Even before the invention of the electric light bulb, the author produced a remarkable work of speculative fiction that would foreshadow many ethical questions to be raised by technologies yet to come.
主干主语：the author；谓语：produced；宾语：a remarkable work of speculative fiction
结构句首Even before...为时间状语。主句后接that引导的定语从句修饰work，从句中would foreshadow为过去将来时。many ethical questions后接不定式to be raised作后置定语，by technologies yet to come为被动施动者，yet to come修饰technologies。
译文甚至在电灯泡发明之前，作者就创作了一部非凡的思辨小说，预示了许多日后技术将引发的伦理问题。
考点that定语从句修饰先行词work · 不定式被动to be raised作后置定语
2What is being called artificial general intelligence, machines that would imitate the way humans think, continues to evade scientists.
主干主语：What is being called artificial general intelligence；谓语：continues to evade；宾语：scientists
结构What is being called...为名词性从句作主语。逗号后machines...为同位语，进一步解释主语，其中that引导定语从句修饰machines，the way后接省略that的定语从句humans think。谓语continues to evade为单数，与主语从句一致。
译文所谓的通用人工智能——能模仿人类思维方式的机器——仍令科学家们难以企及。
考点主语从句What is being called... · 同位语machines that...
3Just how people think is still far too complex to be understood, let alone reproduced, says David Eagleman, a Stanford University neuroscientist.
主干主语：Just how people think；谓语：is；表语：far too complex
结构Just how people think为how引导的主语从句。too...to...结构表示“太……而不能”。let alone reproduced为省略结构，补充说明更不可能被复制。says后为直接引语的出处，a Stanford...为同位语说明身份。
译文斯坦福大学神经科学家大卫·伊格曼说，人类究竟如何思考，其复杂性至今远未被理解，更遑论被复制。
考点how引导主语从句 · too...to...与let alone并列
4Whenever decisions are based on masses of data, “you quickly get into a lot of ethical questions,” notes Tan Kiat How, chief executive of a Singapore-based agency that is helping the government develop a voluntary code for the ethical use of AI.
主干主语：Tan Kiat How；谓语：notes；宾语：引语you quickly get into...
结构Whenever引导时间状语从句。引语作notes的宾语。chief executive...为同位语，其中that引导定语从句修饰agency，从句中helping...develop为现在分词短语，for the ethical use of AI为目的状语。
译文新加坡一家正协助政府制定人工智能伦理使用自愿准则的机构首席执行官陈杰豪指出，一旦决策基于海量数据，“很快就会陷入大量伦理问题”。
考点Whenever时间状语从句 · that定语从句修饰agency
5On June 7 Google pledged not to “design or deploy AI” that would cause “overall harm,” or to develop AI-directed weapons or use AI for surveillance that would violate international norms.
主干主语：Google；谓语：pledged；宾语：not to design or deploy... or to develop... or use...
结构pledged后接三个并列不定式：not to design or deploy、to develop、use。第一个不定式后that定语从句修饰AI；第三个use AI for surveillance后另有that定语从句修饰surveillance。or连接并列承诺内容。
译文6月7日，谷歌承诺不“设计或部署”会造成“总体伤害”的人工智能，也不开发由人工智能指挥的武器，或将人工智能用于违反国际规范的监控。
考点pledged后多个并列不定式 · 两个that定语从句分别修饰AI和surveillance