1Write an e-mail of about 100 words to a foreign teacher in your college, inviting him/her to be a judge for the upcoming English speech contest.
主干主语:你;谓语:write;宾语:an e-mail of about 100 words to a foreign teacher in your college, inviting him/her to be a judge for the upcoming English speech contest
结构这是一个祈使句,主干结构为“write + 宾语”。宾语“an e-mail of about 100 words to a foreign teacher in your college”由介词短语修饰,其中“of about 100 words”是后置定语,“to a foreign teacher in your college”也是介词短语作后置定语。后面接现在分词短语“inviting him/her to be a judge for the upcoming English speech contest”作目的状语,表示写这封邮件的意图。整个句子结构复杂,包含主干、后置定语和目的状语,容易让人混淆主谓宾关系。
译文写一封约100字的邮件给你们学院的外国老师,邀请他/她担任即将举行的英语演讲比赛的评委。
考点现在分词短语作目的状语 · 介词短语作后置定语
2You should include the details you think necessary.
主干主语:你;谓语:should include;宾语:the details you think necessary
结构这是一个含有宾语从句的复合句。主句是“you should include”,宾语从句是“the details you think necessary”。其中“you think necessary”是宾语从句中的定语从句,修饰“details”,引导词“that”省略。句子结构为“should + 动词原形 + 宾语从句”,强调“应该包含你认为必要的细节”。这是考研写作中常见的祈使句+宾语从句结构,易被考生忽略宾语从句的嵌套。
译文你应该包含你认为必要的细节。
考点宾语从句作宾语 · 定语从句修饰宾语
3You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET.
主干主语:你;谓语:should write;宾语:neatly on ANSWER SHEET
结构这是一个祈使句,主干为“you should write”。宾语是“neatly on ANSWER SHEET”,其中“neatly”是副词修饰动词“write”,“on ANSWER SHEET”是介词短语作状语,表示“在答题纸上”。句子结构简单但包含状语修饰,强调写作要求。考生常忽略介词短语的状语功能,导致理解失误。
译文你应该在答题纸上写得整洁。
考点副词修饰动词 · 介词短语作状语
4Do not sign your own name at the end of the e-mail.
主干主语:你;谓语:should not sign;宾语:your own name at the end of the e-mail
结构这是一个否定祈使句,主干为“do not sign”。宾语是“your own name at the end of the e-mail”,其中“at the end of the e-mail”是介词短语作后置定语,修饰“name”。句子结构为“do not + 动词原形 + 宾语”,强调不要签名。包含后置定语和否定结构,是写作注意事项中的难点,易被忽视。
译文不要在邮件结尾签名。
考点介词短语作后置定语 · 否定祈使句