1People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions.
主干主语：People；谓语：are；宾语：poor at considering background information when making individual decisions
结构句子主干为“People are poor at ...”。介词短语“on the whole”作插入成分，修饰整个句子。“when making individual decisions”为时间状语从句，修饰动词“considering”。这是一个复合句，包含时间状语从句和介词短语作后置定语，结构复杂易混淆。整体分析：主句为“People are poor at considering background information”，时间状语从句修饰“considering”，介词短语插入主句前部，句式为简单句+状语从句，考点包括状语从句的位置和修饰范围。
译文总体而言，人们在做出个人决定时，难以考虑背景信息。
考点介词短语作插入成分 · 时间状语从句修饰动词
2At first glance this might seem like a strength that __1__ the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by __2__ factors.
主干主语：this；谓语：might seem；宾语：like a strength that __1__ the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by __2__ factors
结构句子主干为“At first glance this might seem like a strength”。“that __1__ the ability...”为定语从句，修饰“strength”。“which are unbiased by __2__ factors”为定语从句，修饰“judgments”。这是一个复合句，包含两个定语从句，结构复杂，易误解为并列结构。整体分析：主句为“this might seem like a strength”，定语从句修饰“strength”，内部还有另一个定语从句修饰“ability”，句式为简单句+双重定语从句，考点包括定语从句的嵌套和先行词指代。
译文乍一看，这可能看起来像是一种优势，即做出不受外部因素影响的判断能力。
考点定语从句的嵌套结构 · 先行词指代分析
3In theory, the __9__ of an applicant should not depend on the few others __10__ randomly for interview during the same day, but Dr Simonsohn suspected the truth was __11__.
主干主语：the __9__ of an applicant；谓语：should not depend；宾语：on the few others __10__ randomly for interview during the same day；转折连词：but；主语：Dr Simonsohn；谓语：suspected；宾语：the truth was __11__
结构句子主干为“the __9__ of an applicant should not depend on ...，but Dr Simonsohn suspected the truth was __11__”。“In theory”作插入成分。“the few others __10__ randomly for interview during the same day”为介词短语作定语修饰“others”。这是一个复合句，包含主从句转折结构，句式为并列复合句，结构复杂，易混淆为单一从句。整体分析：主句为“the __9__ of an applicant should not depend on ...”，介词短语作定语，插入成分“In theory”，转折连词“but”连接第二个分句，句式为并列句+定语从句，考点包括转折连词用法和定语修饰范围。
译文理论上，申请人的录取与同一天随机面试的少数其他人没有关系，但西蒙松博士怀疑事实并非如此。
考点转折连词but连接并列分句 · 介词短语作定语修饰
4Dr Simonsohn found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees was 0.75 points or more higher than that of the one __17__ that, then the score for the next applicant would __18__ by an average of 0.075 points.
主干主语：Dr Simonsohn；谓语：found；宾语：if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees was 0.75 points or more higher than that of the one __17__ that, then the score for the next applicant would __18__ by an average of 0.075 points
结构句子主干为“Dr Simonsohn found if ... then ...”。“if ... then ...”为条件状语从句，修饰整个谓语“found”。“the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees”为主句成分，“was 0.75 points or more higher than that of the one __17__ that”为比较状语从句，修饰“score”。这是一个复合句，包含条件状语从句和比较状语从句，结构复杂，易误解为简单句。整体分析：主句为“Dr Simonsohn found ...”，条件状语从句“if ... then ...”修饰动词“found”，内部有比较状语从句修饰“score”，句式为简单句+条件状语从句+比较状语从句，考点包括条件从句的时态和比较结构的嵌套。
译文西蒙松博士发现，如果前一个面试者的分数比当天另一个面试者高0.75分或以上，那么下一个申请者的分数就会平均下降0.075分。
考点条件状语从句的时态变化 · 比较状语从句的嵌套结构