1Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them.
主干主语：Scientists；谓语：jumped；状语：to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence
结构主句后接介词短语with...evidence作伴随状语；to the effect that引导同位语从句，解释evidence的内容；该从句内含if引导的条件状语从句birds failed to control them，修饰would eat us up。distinctly shaky为前置定语。
译文科学家们连忙赶来挽救，却只拿出一些明显站不住脚的证据，大意是：如果鸟类不能控制昆虫，昆虫就会把我们吃光。
考点to the effect that 引导同位语从句，表示“大意是” · if条件从句嵌套在that从句中
2but we have at least drawn nearer the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.
主干主语：we；谓语：have drawn nearer；宾语：the point of admitting...
结构that引导宾语从句作admitting的宾语；as a matter of intrinsic right为方式状语；regardless of...为介词短语作让步状语，其中presence or absence为并列名词。drawn nearer the point of为固定搭配。
译文但我们至少已接近承认这一点：无论鸟类对我们有无经济价值，它们都有继续生存的固有权利。
考点regardless of 后接名词短语表让步 · the point of doing 表示“……的地步/程度”
3Time was when biologists somewhat overworked the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on “worthless” species.
主干主语：Time；系动词：was；表语：when引导的从句
结构Time was when为倒装习语，相当于There was a time when；when引导表语从句；evidence后接两个并列的that同位语从句，由or连接；by killing...为方式状语修饰preserve。
译文曾几何时，生物学家有点过度使用这样的证据：这些生物通过捕杀体弱者来维持猎物的健康，或者说它们只捕食“没有价值”的物种。
考点Time was when 相当于There was a time when · 两个that从句并列作evidence的同位语
4In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the noncommercial tree species are recognized as members of the native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason.
主干主语：the noncommercial tree species；谓语：are recognized；宾语补足语：as members...
结构where引导非限制性定语从句修饰Europe；as members...为recognize的宾补；to be preserved as such为不定式短语作定语，修饰members，as such指代members；within reason为程度状语。
译文在林业生态更为先进的欧洲，没有商业价值的树种被视为原生森林群落的成员，理应得到相应保护。
考点where非限制性定语从句 · to be preserved as such 不定式作后置定语
5It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning.
主干主语：It；谓语：tends to ignore and to eliminate；宾语：many elements
结构两个不定式ignore和eliminate由and thus eventually并列；elements后接两个并列的that定语从句，由but连接，分别说明缺乏商业价值和对其健康运作必不可少；in the land community为地点定语。
译文它往往会忽视、并最终消灭土地群落中许多缺乏商业价值、却对其健康运作必不可少的要素。
考点并列不定式作tends的宾语 · 两个that定语从句由but连接形成对比